Inflammation and the role of infection: Complications and treatment options following neurotrauma. (June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Clark, Alec; Zelmanovich, Rebecca; Vo, Quan; Martinez, Melanie; Nwafor, Divine C.; Lucke-Wold, Brandon
• Is Part Of: Journal of clinical neuroscience. Volume 100(2022)
• Page Start: 23
• Page End: 32
• Publication Date: 2022-06
• Subjects: Neuroinflammation -- Traumatic brain injury -- Immune modulation -- Treatment approaches -- Pre-clinical investigation; Brain -- Surgery -- Periodicals; Neurosciences -- Periodicals; Nervous system -- Surgery -- Periodicals; Brain -- surgery -- Periodicals; Neurosurgical Procedures -- Periodicals; Neurosciences -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.03.043
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0967-5868

Abstract

Highlights: TBI has risk of increased infection for surgical procedures. TBI can induce autoimmune conditions. Blood brain barrier breakdown can lead in immunocompromised state. Pre-clinical studies have shown a modifiable inflammatory surgery following neurotrauma. Emerging approaches involve microdialysis and targeted treatment. Abstract: Traumatic brain injury can have devastating consequences for patients and extended hospital stays and recovery course. Recent data indicate that the initial insult causes profound changes to the immune system and leads to a pro-inflammatory state. This alteration in homeostasis predisposes patients to an increased risk of infection and underlying autoimmune conditions. Increased emphasis has been placed on understanding this process both in the clinical and preclinical literature. This review highlights the intrinsic inflammatory conditions that can occur within the initial hospital stay, discusses long-term immune consequences, highlights emerging treatment options, and delves into important pathways currently being investigated with preclinical models.