The study of inhibitory effects and mechanism of carboxylate chitooligomer on melanin, prepared by laccase/TEMPO system. (1st March 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhen, Xiaoqin; Hao, Dongzhao; Pei, Jicheng; Zhang, Fangdong; Liu, Haitang; Wang, Jing; Bian, Nengyuan; Zhang, Xinli; Li, Ying; Bu, Xin
• Is Part Of: Carbohydrate polymers. Volume 207(2019)
• Page Start: 391
• Page End: 397
• Publication Date: 2019-03-01
• Subjects: Pigmentation -- Laccase/TEMPO -- Chitooligomer (COS) -- Tyrosinase (TYR) -- Inhibition -- Mechanism; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 547.78
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.080
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0144-8617

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Schematic illustration of reaction mechanism of C-COS and tyrosinase. Highlights: Carboxylate chitooligomer (C-COS) skin-whitening material was prepared by laccase/TEMPO oxidation system. Chitooligomer (COS) and C-COS were used to assess their inhibitory effects on melanin pigmentation. C-COS improved melanin inhibition compared with COS. C-COS chelates Cu ions in tyrosinase (TYR), inhibits TYR activity and reduces melanin production. Abstract: A carboxylate chitooligomer (C-COS) containing carboxyl groups attached to chitooligomer (COS) molecules has been prepared by laccase/2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) system, which is a green-chemistry method. Several experiments were designed to evaluate inhibition effects on melanin and mechanisms of C-COS. The results indicated that C-COS exhibited more distinct anti-melanogenic effects compared to COS. C-COS inhibits melanin production with tyrosine (Tyr) and DOPA as the substrate of melanin formation, and the inhibition rates are, respectively, 89.07% and 84.45%, which reach 1.4–2 times those of COS. UV–vis spectroscopy was used to elucidate the interaction mechanism between C-COS and tyrosinase (TYR). It is C-COS chelating with metal Cu ions in tyrosinase (TYR) that decreases the enzyme activity. Half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ) of C-COS were calculated as 13.49 and 4.07 mg/mL for monophenolase (cresolase) and diphenolase (catecholase), respectively.