"Warphans" and "Quiet" Heroines: Depictions of Chinese Women and Children in the Comité mondial des femmes contre la guerre et le fascisme's Campaigns during the Second Sino-Japanese War. (April 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Calver, Jasmine
• Editors: Donert, Celia; Moll-Murata, Christine
• Is Part Of: International review of social history. Volume 67(2022)Supplement 30
• Page Start: 23
• Page End: 47
• Publication Date: 2022-04
• Subjects: Social history -- Periodicals; Social history -- Bibliography -- Periodicals; 306.09005
• DOI: 10.1017/S0020859021000675
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0020-8590

Abstract

Abstract: The Comité mondial des femmes contre la guerre et le fascisme (CMF) was an international organization formed under the direction of the Communist International in 1934 in response to the threat of Nazi fascism. However, it did not restrict its activities to tackling issues in Germany; it expanded its remit to confront many of the crises that marked the mid- to late-1930s across the globe. This article analyses the CMF's work to aid civilians and refugees during the Second Sino-Japanese War. It discusses how the predominantly European committee perpetuated some essentialist and imperialist assumptions in its work and how they utilized violent and emotive language in the "Warphans" child sponsorship fundraising scheme. However, the committee also provided spaces for Chinese women to vocalize their experiences to women in the West, creating an effective humanitarian aid strategy.