Detection of hydrate plugs inside submarine pipelines using neutrons. Issue 3 (4th May 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bouat, Sophie; Pinier, Ludovic; Sebastian, Xavier; Losko, Adrian; Schütz, Rudolf; Schulz, Michael; Revay, Zsolt; Ilic, Zeljko; Mauerhofer, Eric; Brückel, Thomas; Gilles, Ralph
• Is Part Of: Nondestructive testing and evaluation. Volume 37:Issue 3(2022)
• Page Start: 245
• Page End: 257
• Publication Date: 2022-05-04
• Subjects: Hydrocarbon -- hydrate -- submarine pipeline -- neutron radiography -- fast-neutron induced gamma-ray spectrometry -- prompt gamma activation analysis; Non-destructive testing -- Periodicals; 620.112705
• DOI: 10.1080/10589759.2021.1990284
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1058-9759

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of localising and detecting hydrate plugs inside submarine pipelines, in situ and contactless, using neutron-induced analytical techniques. Cold and fast neutron-beam instruments at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) were used to show that neutrons penetrate through the thick wall and the insulation of such pipes and even the induced gamma radiation can be detected outside to perform a non-destructive chemical analysis within the pipe. It was found that the change in the hydrogen concentration caused by a possible hydrate plug can be detected in seconds; while with a detailed analysis at a given spot lasting for a few hours, it is possible to unambiguously identify the hydrate phase inside the hydrocarbon phase.