Reference centiles for evaluating total body fat development and fat distribution by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry among children and adolescents aged 3–18 years. Issue 3 (March 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dong, Hongbo; Yan, Yinkun; Liu, Junting; Cheng, Hong; Zhao, Xiaoyuan; Shan, Xinying; Huang, Guimin; Mi, Jie; Mi, Jie; Liu, Junting; Cheng, Hong; Zhao, Xiaoyuan; Shan, Xinying; Huang, Guimin; Hou, Dongqing; Wang, Wenpeng; Meng, Linghui; Liu, Qin; Yi, Yang; Liu, Li; Ao, Liping; Lu, Shuang; Sun, Jinghui; Wang, Xiaona; Li, Ying; Ding, Wenqing; Zhang, Ling; Jia, Leina; Liu, Gongshu; Enqing, Liu; Lei, Pan; Yan, Weili; Liu, Fang; Zhang, Yi; Cheng, Yi; Chen, Shaoke; Zhao, Qian; Cao, Fang; Mu, Kai; Niu, Dayan; Xi, Bo; Zhao, Min; Xiong, Feng; Zhu, Gaohui;
• Is Part Of: Clinical nutrition. Volume 40:Issue 3(2021)
• Page Start: 1289
• Page End: 1295
• Publication Date: 2021-03
• Subjects: Body fat -- Children -- Adolescents -- Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry -- Reference centiles; CCACH China Child and Adolescent Cardiovascular Health -- BMI body mass index -- DXA dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry -- FMI fat mass index -- BF% body fat percentage -- T/L ratio trunk to leg fat ratio -- A/G ratio android to gynoid fat ratio -- LMS lambda-mu-sigma -- EDF equivalent degrees of freedom -- NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey -- KNHANES Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Critically ill -- Nutrition -- Periodicals; Diet therapy -- Periodicals; Parenteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral Nutrition -- Periodicals; Parenteral Nutrition -- Periodicals; Metabolism -- Periodicals; Diétothérapie -- Périodiques; Alimentation parentérale -- Périodiques; Alimentation entérale -- Périodiques; Nutrition -- Périodiques; Diet therapy; Enteral feeding; Nutrition; Parenteral feeding; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.854
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.08.012
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0261-5614

Abstract

Summary: Background & aims: The rise in the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased the demand for accurately evaluating body fatness in pediatric population. The aim of this study was to provide a series of sex- and age-specific body fat reference centiles for evaluating total body fat development and fat distribution in Chinese children and adolescents using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Methods: A nationwide sample of Chinese children and adolescents aged 3–18 years (n = 12, 790) was drawn from a cross-sectional survey of the China Child and Adolescent Cardiovascular Health study (2013–2019). Fat measurements, including total fat mass index (FMI), total body fat percentage (BF%), regional FMI, trunk to leg (T/L) fat ratio and android to gynoid (A/G) fat ratio, were derived from whole body DXA scans. Sex- and age-specific centiles were estimated using the lambda-mu-sigma method and then compared with values derived from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2004) and Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008–2011). Results: During early childhood, almost all body fat parameters decreased with age, except an increase in A/G ratio. After 7 years onward, drastic upward trends of total FMI and BF% were exhibited in boys till 10 years, followed by opposite downward trends during 11–14 years; while sustained increase of FMI was shown in girls across ages accompanied by relatively constant BF% levels. Meanwhile, steady increases were noticed for A/G ratio and T/L ratio, which were more pronounced in boys. In addition, the proposed body fat references were much lower than the US but similar to Koreans despite of subtle differences. Conclusions: This is the first study to present a set of DXA-based body fat reference for Chinese children and adolescents aged 3–18 years. The new reference provides clinicians and researchers a useful tool for assessing body fat development and distribution patterns throughout early childhood and adolescence.