Inhibition of extracellular vesicle biogenesis in tumor cells: A possible way to reduce tumorigenesis. (14th March 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rezaie, Jafar; Akbari, Ali; Rahbarghazi, Reza
• Is Part Of: Cell biochemistry and function. Volume 40:Number 3(2022)
• Page Start: 248
• Page End: 262
• Publication Date: 2022-03-14
• Subjects: cancer inhibitors -- extracellular vesicles -- GW4869 -- microvesicles -- tumor‐derived exosomes; Cytochemistry -- Periodicals; Cell metabolism -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Cytology -- Periodicals; 572
• DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3695
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0263-6484

Abstract

Abstract: Most eukaryotic cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contribute to intracellular communication through transferring different biomolecules such as proteins, RNAs, and lipids to cells. Two main types of EVs are exosomes and microvesicles. Exosomes originate from multivesicular bodies, while microvesicles are shed from the plasma membrane. Mechanisms of exosomes and microvesicle biogenesis/trafficking are complex and many molecules are involved in their biogenesis and secretion. Tumor‐derived EVs contain oncogenic molecules that promote tumor growth, metastasis, immune surveillance, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. A growing body of evidence indicates various compounds can inhibit biogenesis and secretion of EVs from cells and several experiments were conducted to use EVs‐inhibitors for understanding the biology of the cells or for understanding the pathology of several diseases like cancer. However, the nontargeting effects of drugs/inhibitors remain a concern. Our current knowledge of EVs biogenesis and their inhibition from tumor cells may provide an avenue for cancer management. In this review, we shed light on exosomes and microvesicles biogenesis, key roles of tumor‐derived EVs, and discuss methods used to inhibition of EVs by different inhibitors. Significance statement: Inhibiting EVs biogenesis from tumor cells may improve the outcome of therapies. Numerous in vitro studies and some preclinical experiments have been examined the inhibitory effects of various potential drugs on EVs biogenesis and trafficking. Using animal models, the protective effect of some EVs blocker drugs against several diseases has been reported.