Optical Coherence Tomography–Based Prevalence of Diabetic Macular Edema and its Associated Risk Factors in Urban South India: A Population–Based Study. (4th March 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pradhana, Divya; Priya M.N, Swathi; Surya, Janani; Bhende, Muna; Laxmi, Gella; Sharma, Tarun; Raman, Rajiv
• Is Part Of: Ophthalmic epidemiology. Volume 29:Number 2(2022)
• Page Start: 149
• Page End: 155
• Publication Date: 2022-03-04
• Subjects: Prevalence of DME -- CI-DME -- NCI-DME; Blindness -- Prevention -- Periodicals; Eye -- Diseases -- Epidemiology -- Periodicals; Ophthalmology -- Periodicals; 614.5997
• DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2021.1907846
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0928-6586

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Background: To estimate the prevalence of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-defined diabetic macular oedema (DME) in urban South Indian population and to elucidate their associated risk factors. Methods: Of 911 participants from the Sankara Nethralaya Diabetic Retinopathy and Molecular Genetics Study-II (SN-DREAMS-), 759 who underwent OCT were analysed. The participants underwent a comprehensive examination and retinal photography following a standard protocol for diabetic retinopathy (DR) grading. The subjects were categorized into centre-involving DME (CI-DME), non-centre involving DME (NCI-DME), and No-DME based on the mean retinal thickness at the central 1 mm, inner and outer ETDRS subfields. Results: The prevalence of CI-DME and NCI-DME in the Chennai population was 3.03% (95% CI: 3.01–3.05) and 10.80% (95% CI: 10.7–11.02). NCI-DME was found to be higher by 9.5% (95% CI: 0.07-0.11) in the early stages of DR. A greater number of subjects with CI DME were aged >60 years and had diabetes mellitus (DM) for >10 years. The significant risk factors for NCI-DME are diastolic blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, serum triglyceride, insulin use and neuropathy (OR (95% CI): 0.97 (0.94–100), 1.00 (1.00–1.01), 0.99 (0.98–0.99), 2.32 (1.15–4.68) and 4.24 (1.22–14.69), respectively) and for CI DME are duration of diabetes, anaemia, neuropathy and insulin use (OR (95% CI): 2.49 (0.96–6.40), 3.41 (1.34–8.65), 10.58 (1.68–66.56) and 3.51 (1.12-10.95), respectively). Conclusions: The prevalence of NCI-DME was found to be higher than that of CI-DME in patients with DR.