Number of initial symptoms is more related to long COVID-19 than acute severity of infection: a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients. (May 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chan Sui Ko, Adrien; Candellier, Alexandre; Mercier, Marie; Joseph, Cédric; Schmit, Jean-Luc; Lanoix, Jean-Philippe; Andrejak, Claire
• Is Part Of: International journal of infectious diseases. Volume 118(2022)
• Page Start: 220
• Page End: 223
• Publication Date: 2022-05
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- Persistent symptoms -- Long COVID -- Risk factor -- Severity; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1201-9712

Abstract

Highlights: Long COVID-19 was experienced by almost two-thirds of hospitalized patients. High number of initial symptoms increases the risk of long COVID-19 infection. Objective measures of COVID-19 severity are unable to predict long COVID-19. Having hypertension and being female are also associated with persistent symptoms. Patients with a high number of initial symptoms should be closely monitored. Abstract: Objectives: Post–COVID-19 symptoms experienced by many survivors have a further devastating effect. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with long COVID-19 in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients including those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) transfer, taking into account objective measures of COVID-19 severity. Methods: Hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled. A structured follow-up visit was performed 4 months after hospital admission. Multivariable adjusted regression models were used to analyse the association between parameters at the acute phase and persistent symptoms. Results: A follow-up visit was performed in 316 patients including 115 (36.4%) discharged from the ICU. Mean age was 64.1 years, and 201 patients (58.3%) were men. Female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-3.22; P =.01), hypertension (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.22-3.31; P <.01), and the number of initial symptoms (NIS) (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.17-1.54; P <.001) were significantly associated with long COVID-19. Number of persistent symptoms was significantly associated with NIS (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11-1.22; P <.001), female sex (aIRR, 1.56; 95% CI 1.29-1.87; P <.001), hypertension (aIRR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02-1.50; P =.03), and length of stay in hospital (aIRR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.005-1.017; P <.001). Conclusion: Our study suggested that female sex, hypertension, and NIS had a significant impact on persistent symptoms in hospitalized patients in contrast to severity of acute COVID-19 infection.