Neuroendocrine tumor secondary to pulmonary hypoplasia: A case report. Issue 8 (17th March 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yukawa, Takuro; Ishida, Yuta; Naomoto, Yoshio; Monobe, Yasumasa; Fukazawa, Takuya; Yamatsuji, Tomoki
• Is Part Of: Thoracic cancer. Volume 13:Issue 8(2022)
• Page Start: 1227
• Page End: 1231
• Publication Date: 2022-03-17
• Subjects: carcinoid -- neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia -- pulmonary hypoplasia -- tumorlet; Chest -- Cancer -- Periodicals; Chest -- Cancer -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Chest -- Surgery -- Periodicals; 616.99494005
• DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14374
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1759-7706

Abstract

Abstract: Pulmonary hypoplasia is diagnosed during the perinatal period and is a cause of death in newborns. However, these developmental abnormalities are diagnosed in adulthood in some cases. A 70‐year‐old male smoker was diagnosed with stage IIIA pulmonary adenocarcinoma in the right upper lobe with right middle lobe hypoplasia. He subsequently underwent right upper and middle lobectomy with lymph node dissection by video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery. In addition to an invasive adenocarcinoma in the right upper lobe, pathological examination of the hypoplastic lobe revealed neuroendocrine hyperplasia, as well as tumorlets and a typical carcinoid. Eight cases of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors that developed from pulmonary hypoplasia have been reported to date. Interestingly, all but one case occurred in the right middle lobe. Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia has been reported to develop in hypoplastic lungs postnatally; therefore, we speculated that the lesion was the origin of these neuroendocrine tumors. Moreover, the pathological findings suggested that atelectasis was involved in the pathogenesis of this rare condition. In adults, when lobar hypoplasia is diagnosed, neuroendocrine tumors should be anticipated. Abstract : Here, we report the case of a patient who was diagnosed with pulmonary adenocarcinoma in the right upper lobe and middle lobe hypoplasia; the patient underwent right upper and middle lobectomy with lymph node dissection. In addition to adenocarcinoma in the upper lobe, pathological examination of the hypoplastic lobe revealed neuroendocrine hyperplasia, as well as tumorlets and a typical carcinoid. In adults, when lobar hypoplasia is diagnosed, neuroendocrine tumors should be anticipated.