Clinical efficacy and mechanism of action of medical devices for obesity and type 2 diabetes. (April 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ansari, Saleem; Miras, Alexander Dimitri
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in endocrine and metabolic research. Volume 23(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-04
• Subjects: Clinical efficacy -- Mechanisms -- Medical devices -- Obesity -- Type 2 diabetes; Endocrine glands -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Metabolism -- Disorders -- Periodicals; Endocrine System Diseases; Metabolic Diseases; Endocrine glands -- Diseases; Metabolism -- Disorders; Periodical; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.4
• DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2022.100324
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2451-9650

Abstract

Abstract: The clinical efficacy and safety of medical devices for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased in the past decade. Medical devices intervene on the stomach or proximal small intestine to mimic some of the weight loss and glycaemic benefits of metabolic surgery. Medical devices acting on the stomach can reduce gastric capacity, slow gastric emptying, and alter vagal afferent nerve signalling. The primary goal of these devices is weight loss while devices acting on the proximal small intestine improve glycaemic control in T2DM through weight-loss dependent and weight-loss independent mechanisms. This can be achieved by ablating or bypassing the duodenum or by increasing delivery of nutrients to the distal gut which is a regulator of glucose metabolism. This review summarises the clinical efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of medical devices with the most available data and use in clinical practice for the treatment of obesity and T2DM.