Changes in Pain Self-Efficacy, Coping Skills, and Fear-Avoidance Beliefs in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Yoga, Physical Therapy, and Education for Chronic Low Back Pain. Issue 4 (26th October 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Marshall, Allison; Joyce, Christopher T; Tseng, Bryan; Gerlovin, Hanna; Yeh, Gloria Y; Sherman, Karen J; Saper, Robert B; Roseen, Eric J
• Is Part Of: Pain medicine. Volume 23:Issue 4(2022)
• Page Start: 834
• Page End: 843
• Publication Date: 2021-10-26
• Subjects: Back Pain -- Chronic Pain -- Yoga -- Physical Therapy -- Self-Efficacy -- Coping Skills; Pain -- Periodicals; Pain -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Analgesics -- Periodicals; Pain -- Periodicals; Pain Management -- Periodicals; Douleur -- Périodiques; Douleur -- Traitement -- Périodiques; Analgésiques -- Périodiques; Analgésique; Soulagement de la douleur; Périodique électronique (Descripteur de forme); Ressource Internet (Descripteur de forme); 616.047205
• DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnab318
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1526-2375

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: We evaluated exercise interventions for cognitive appraisal of chronic low back pain (cLBP) in an underserved population. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Back to Health Trial, showing yoga to be noninferior to physical therapy (PT) for pain and function outcomes among adults with cLBP (n = 320) recruited from primary care clinics with predominantly low-income patients. Participants were randomized to 12 weeks of yoga, PT, or education. Cognitive appraisal was assessed with the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ), Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ), and Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ). Using multiple imputation and linear regression, we estimated within- and between-group changes in cognitive appraisal at 12 and 52 weeks, with baseline and the education group as references. Results: Participants (mean age = 46 years) were majority female (64%) and majority Black (57%), and 54% had an annual household income <$30, 000. All three groups showed improvements in PSEQ (range 0–60) at 12 weeks (yoga, mean difference [MD] = 7.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.9, 9.0; PT, MD = 6.9, 95% CI: 4.7 to 9.1; and education, MD = 3.4, 95% CI: 0.54 to 6.3), with yoga and PT improvements being clinically meaningful. At 12 weeks, improvements in catastrophizing (CSQ, range 0–36) were largest in the yoga and PT groups (MD = –3.0, 95% CI: –4.4 to –1.6; MD = –2.7, 95% CI: –4.2 to –1.2, respectively). Changes in FABQ were small. No statistically significant between-group differences were observed on PSEQ, CSQ, or FABQ at either time point. Many of the changes observed at 12 weeks were sustained at 52 weeks. Conclusion: All three interventions were associated with improvements in self-efficacy and catastrophizing among low-income, racially diverse adults with cLBP. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01343927.