Advanced Ni tar reforming catalysts resistant to syngas impurities: Current knowledge, research gaps and future prospects. (15th June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Binte Mohamed, Dara Khairunnisa; Veksha, Andrei; Ha, Quan Luu Manh; Chan, Wei Ping; Lim, Teik-Thye; Lisak, Grzegorz
• Is Part Of: Fuel. Volume 318(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-06-15
• Subjects: 1-MNP 1-methylnaphthalene -- 3-MBT 3-methylbenzothiophene -- BFR Brominated flame retardants -- BTL Biomass-to-liquid -- CHP Combined heat and power -- CHRISGAS Clean hydrogen-rich synthesis gas -- D5 Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane -- DBT Dibenzothiophene -- DFT Density functional theory -- EDS Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy -- FT-IR Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy -- GHSV Gas hourly space velocity -- GSV Gas space velocity -- GTI Gas Technology Institute -- LHSV Liquid hourly space velocity -- MSW Municipal solid waste -- NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory -- OLGA Dutch acronym for oil-based gas washer -- PAH Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon -- PVC Polyvinyl chloride -- RDF Refuse-derived fuel -- SEM Scanning electron microscopy -- SOFC Solid oxide fuel cells -- SPARG Sulfur passivated reforming -- SRF Solid recovered fuel -- SV Space velocity -- TEM Transmission electron microscopy -- THT Tetrahydrothiophene -- UBI-QEP Unity bond index-quadratic exponential potential -- WGS Water-gas shift -- WHSV Weight hourly space velocity -- XRD X-ray diffraction -- XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy -- XANES X-ray absorption near edge structure; Catalytic tar reforming -- Syngas impurities -- Sulfur poisoning -- Halide poisoning -- Nickel catalyst; Fuel -- Periodicals; Coal -- Periodicals; Coal; Fuel; Periodicals; 662.6
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.123602
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0016-2361

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: The effects of syngas impurities on tar reforming Ni catalysts were reviewed. Poisoning mechanisms on Ni catalyst determined using DFT and experimental studies. Impurities form inactive Ni, block active sites and induce coking and sintering. H2 S removal, temperature increase, oxidation and steam addition regenerates catalyst. Design of poison-tolerant Ni catalysts by metal doping and support modification. Abstract: Catalytic reforming is a promising technology for the removal of tar from syngas. However, due to the presence of other impurities such as H2 S, HCl, HBr, siloxanes, alkali metals, and NH3, the lifetime, activity, and stability of commonly used Ni-based catalysts is limited. This review investigates the recent findings related to poisoning effects of both common and under-researched syngas impurities on nickel catalysts and achievements in the synthesis of poison tolerant catalysts. The source and content of impurities produced from the gasification of different feedstock are examined. As current catalysts used for tar reforming require further improvement to ensure tolerance to poisoning, two approaches for catalytic tar reforming gas products from gasification of biomass/solid waste with and without prior syngas pre-treatment are evaluated to emphasize the importance of developing poison-tolerant catalysts. The deactivation mechanisms of Ni catalysts by syngas impurities, regeneration techniques, and strategies for developing poison-tolerant catalysts are reviewed. Finally, limitations of current catalytic tar reforming processes and promising approaches for future works are further discussed.