Heavy metal contamination in water of Indus River and its tributaries, Northern Pakistan: evaluation for potential risk and source apportionment. (3rd April 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Muhammad, Said; Usman, Qazi Ahmed
• Is Part Of: Toxin reviews. Volume 41:Number 2(2022)
• Page Start: 380
• Page End: 388
• Publication Date: 2022-04-03
• Subjects: Chronic daily intake -- hazard quotient -- Kohistan batholith -- Chilas complex -- Kamila amphibolites -- Jijal complex -- Indian plate; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Toxins -- Periodicals; 615.905
• DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.1882499
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1556-9543

Abstract

Abstract: This study investigated the heavy metals (HM) contamination in the water of Indus River and its tributaries, northern Pakistan. Water samples (n=44) were collected along with the five geological units: Kohistan batholith, Chilas complex, Kamila amphibolites, Jijal complex, and Indian plate. Observed HM levels were within the WHO drinking water guidelines except for Ni (23.7 µg/L) in the Jijal complex and Pb (10.6 µg/L) at on the Indian plate. Hazard quotient (HQ) values were observed < 1, suggesting no health risk through water consumption. Statistical analyses revealed that bedrock geology plays a major role in the HM distribution in water of the study area.