Toxicity to sea urchin embryos of crude and bunker oils weathered under ice alone and mixed with dispersant. (February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: DeMiguel-Jiménez, Laura; Etxebarria, Nestor; Reinardy, Helena C.; Lekube, Xabier; Marigómez, Ionan; Izagirre, Urtzi
• Is Part Of: Marine pollution bulletin. Volume 175(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-02
• Subjects: Oil -- Dispersant -- Iced seas -- Sea urchin embryo -- Toxicity -- Genotoxicity; Marine pollution -- Periodicals; Marine Biology -- Periodicals; Water Pollution -- Periodicals; Mer -- Pollution -- Périodiques; Publications périodiques; Pollution des mers; Lutte antipollution; Electronic journals; 363.7394
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113345
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0025-326X

Abstract

Abstract: A multi-index approach (larval lenghthening and malformations, developmental disruption, and genotoxicity) was applied using sea-urchin embryos as test-organisms. PAH levels measured in the under-ice weathered aqueous fraction (UIWAF) were lower than in the low-energy water accommodated fraction (LEWAF) and similar amongst UIWAFs of different oils. UIWAFs and LEWAFs caused toxic effects, more markedly in UIWAFs, that could not be attributed to measured individual PAHs or to their mixture. Conversely, UIWAF was less genotoxic than LEWAF, most likely because naphthalene concentrations were also lower. In agreement, NAN LEWAF, the most genotoxic, exhibited the highest naphthalene levels. Dispersant addition produced less consistent changes in PAH levels and embryo toxicity in UIWAFs than in LEWAFs, and did not modify LEWAF genotoxicity. Overall, under ice weathering resulted in lowered waterborne PAHs and genotoxicity but augmented embryo toxicity, not modified by dispersant application. Graphical abstract: Unlabelled Image Highlights: PAH levels in UIWAF are lower than in LEWAF of the studied oils. UIWAF is more toxic to sea urchin embryos than LEWAF. UIWAF is less genotoxic to sea urchin embryos than LEWAF. Under ice weathering does not reduce toxicity of the oil aqueous fraction.