Multidisciplinary characterization of nitrogen-removal granular sludge: A review of advances and technologies. (1st May 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ran, Xiaochuan; Zhou, Mingda; Wang, Tong; Wang, Weigang; Kumari, Sheena; Wang, Yayi
• Is Part Of: Water research. Volume 214(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-05-01
• Subjects: Nitrogen removal -- Aerobic granular sludge -- Anammox granular sludge -- Granule properties -- Characterization technologies; NRGS nitrogen-removal granular sludge -- AGS aerobic granular sludge -- AnGS anammox granular sludge -- EPS extracellular polymeric substances -- WWTPs wastewater treatment plants -- CAS conventional activated sludge -- COD chemical oxygen demand -- PN/A partial nitrification-anammox -- PD/A partial denitrification-anammox -- NRE nitrogen removal efficiency -- C/N ratio COD/ nitrogen ratio -- SRT sludge retention time -- HRT hydraulic retention time -- SAA specific anammox activity -- OCE optical coherence elastography -- MRI magnetic resonance imaging -- NMR nuclear magnetic resonance -- AgNPs silver nanoparticles -- QCM-D quartz crystalmicrobalance with dissipation monitoring -- 3D-EEM three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectra -- FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy -- FISH fluorescence in situ hybridization -- CLSM confocal laser scanning microscope -- N-DAMO nitrate/nitrite dependent anaerobic methane oxidation -- PAOs phosphate-accumulating organisms; Water -- Pollution -- Research -- Periodicals; 363.7394
• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118214
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0043-1354

Abstract

Highlights: Microbiome and EPS are the hottest topics in the study of NRGS properties. NRGS displays satisfactory nitrogen removal efficiency in most cases. NRGS properties are strongly associated with the performance. Technological advancements provide in-depth insights into NRGS characterization. Future prospects for research and application of NRGS are proposed. Abstract: Nitrogen-removal granular sludge (NRGS) is a promising technology in wastewater treatment, with advantages of efficient nitrogen removal, less footprint, lower sludge production and energy consumption, and is a way for wastewater treatment plants to achieve carbon–neutrality. Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and anammox granular sludge (AnGS) are two typical NRGS technologies that have attracted extensive attention. Mounting evidence has shown strong associations between NRGS properties and the status of NRGS systems; however, a holistic view is still missing. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of NRGS with an emphasis on characterization. Specifically, the integrated nitrogen transformation pathways inside NRGS and the performance of NRGS treating various wastewaters are discussed. NRGS properties are categorized as physical-, chemical-, biological- and systematical ones, presenting current advances and corresponding characterization technologies. Finally, the future prospects for furthering the mechanistic understanding and engineering application of NRGS are proposed. Overall, the technological advancements in characterization have greatly contributed to understanding NRGS properties, which are potential factors for optimizing the performance and evaluating the working status of NRGS. This review will provide guidance in characterizing NRGS properties and boost the introduction of novel characterization technologies. Graphical abstract: Image, graphical abstract .