Exosome-mediated delivery of transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 kinase inhibitors and toll-like receptor 7/8 agonists for combination therapy of tumors. (15th March 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lee, Joo Hang; Song, Jihyeon; Kim, In Gyu; You, Gayeon; Kim, Han; Ahn, Joong-Hoon; Mok, Hyejung
• Is Part Of: Acta biomaterialia. Volume 141(2022)
• Page Start: 354
• Page End: 363
• Publication Date: 2022-03-15
• Subjects: Combination therapy -- Exosome -- Transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 kinase inhibitor -- Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist -- Anticancer; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.01.005
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1742-7061

Abstract

Abstract: In this study, combination therapy with the transforming growth factor-β receptor I (TGFβRI) kinase inhibitor SD-208 and a toll-like receptor (TLR)-7/8 agonist resiquimod (R848) was examined along with serum-derived exosomes (EXOs) as versatile carriers. SD-208-encapsulated EXOs (SD-208/EXOs) and R848-encapsulated EXOs (R848/EXOs) were successfully prepared with a size of 87 ± 8 nm and 51 ± 4 nm, respectively, which were stable in aqueous solution at pH 7.4. SD-208/EXOs and R848/EXOs reduced the migration of cancer cells (B16F10 and PC-3) and triggered the release of proinflammatory cytokines from stimulated macrophages and dendritic cells, respectively. The fluorescent dye-labeled EXOs showed significantly improved penetration through the PC-3/fibroblast co-culture spheroids and enhanced accumulation in the B16F10 mouse tumor model compared with the free fluorescent dye. In addition, the combination therapy of R848/EXOs (R848 dose of 0.36 mg/kg) and SD-208/EXOs (SD-208 dose of 0.75 mg/kg) reduced tumor growth and improved survival rate at low doses in the B16F10 tumor xenograft model. Taken together, the combination therapy using the TGFβRI kinase inhibitor and TLR 7/8 agonist with EXOs may serve as a promising strategy to treat melanoma and prostate cancer. Statement of significance: Owing to the prevalence of several non-responding cancers that resist treatment, it is necessary to identify a novel combined treatment strategy with biomaterials to maximize therapeutic efficacy and minimize the undesirable side effects. In this study, we aimed to examine the use of the TGFβRI kinase inhibitor SD-208 and the TLR7/8 agonist resiquimod (R848) encapsulated within serum-derived EXOs for their synergistic antitumor effects. We first demonstrated that combined treatment with SD-208 and R848 can be a convincing strategy to circumvent tumor growth in vivo using serum-derived exosomes as promising carriers. Therefore, we believe this manuscript would be of great interest to the biomaterial communities especially who are studying immunotherapy. Graphical abstract: Image, graphical abstract