Customizing lipids from oleaginous microbes: leveraging exogenous and endogenous approaches. Issue 4 (April 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Uprety, Bijaya K.; Morrison, Erin N.; Emery, R.J. Neil; Farrow, Scott C.
• Is Part Of: Trends in biotechnology. Volume 40:Issue 4(2022)
• Page Start: 482
• Page End: 508
• Publication Date: 2022-04
• Subjects: oleaginous microbes -- tailored microbial lipids -- exogenous approach -- endogenous approach; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Biochemical engineering -- Periodicals; Genetic engineering -- Periodicals; Industrial microbiology -- Periodicals; 660.605
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.09.004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0167-7799

Abstract

Abstract : To meet the growing demands of the oleochemical industry, tailored lipid sources are expanding to oleaginous microbes. To control the fatty acid composition of microbial lipids, ground-breaking exogenous and endogenous approaches are being developed. Exogenous approaches employ extracellular tools such as product-specific feedstocks, process optimization, elicitors, and magnetic and mechanical energy, whereas endogenous approaches leverage biology through the use of product-specific microbes, adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE), and the creation of custom strains via random and targeted cellular engineering. We consolidate recent advances from both fields into a review that will serve as a resource for those striving to fulfill the vision of microbial cell factories for tailored lipid production. Highlights: Approaches targeting the enhanced production of customized lipids in oleaginous microbes can be classified into two major categories: exogenous or endogenous. Exogenous approaches include using product specific feedstocks, process optimization, essential oils, phytohormones, chemical elicitors, and magnetic/mechanical energy. Endogenous approaches include metabolic engineering, random mutagenesis, strain selection, and adaptive laboratory evolution. Classically, production of microbial lipids with specific fatty acid profiles was accomplished using a handful of techniques, but the development of novel and combinatorial approaches is now enhancing the ability to customize microbial lipids. A comprehensive outline of exogenous and endogenous techniques could assist in selecting them to improve tailored lipid production in oleaginous microbes.