Women with type 1 diabetes exhibit a progressive increase in gut Saccharomyces cerevisiae in pregnancy associated with evidence of gut inflammation. (February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bandala-Sanchez, Esther; Roth-Schulze, Alexandra J.; Oakey, Helena; Penno, Megan A.S.; Bediaga, Naiara G.; Naselli, Gaetano; Ngui, Katrina M.; Smith, Alannah D.; Huang, Dexing; Zozaya-Valdes, Enrique; Thomson, Rebecca L.; Brown, James D.; Vuillermin, Peter J.; Barry, Simon C.; Craig, Maria E.; Rawlinson, William D.; Davis, Elizabeth A.; Harris, Mark; Soldatos, Georgia; Colman, Peter G.; Wentworth, John M.; Haynes, Aveni; Morahan, Grant; Sinnott, Richard O.; Papenfuss, Anthony T.; Couper, Jennifer J.; Harrison, Leonard C.
• Is Part Of: Diabetes research and clinical practice. Volume 184(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-02
• Subjects: Gut -- Microbiome -- Fungi -- Mycobiome -- Saccharomyces -- Faecalibacterium prausnitzii -- Pregnancy -- Type 1 diabetes -- ITS1 -- Inflammation; ASCA Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies -- ASV Amplicon sequence variants -- bp Base pair -- CPM Counts per million -- DQESv2 Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies version 2 -- ENDIA Environmental determinants of islet autoimmunity -- FDR False discovery rate -- GEE Generalized estimating equations -- HbA1c Haemoglobin A1c -- HLA Human leukocyte antigen -- HREC Human research ethics committee -- I-FABP Intestinal fatty-acid binding protein -- IgA Immunoglobulin A -- IgG Immunoglobulin G -- ITS1 Internal transcribed spacer 1 -- LCBD Local contribution to beta diversity -- LogFC Log2 fold-change -- mg milligram -- OTU Operational taxonomic unit -- PCoA Principal components analysis -- RMA-PERMANOVARe Repeated measure-aware permutation analysis of variance -- SCFA Short-chain fatty acid -- SD Standard deviation -- T1D Type 1 diabetes -- WEHI Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research -- WMS Whole metagenomic sequencing -- Zinb Zero-inflated negative binomial regression -- 1, 5-AG 1, 5-Anhydroglucitol; Diabetes -- Periodicals; Diabetes Mellitus -- Periodicals; 616.462
• DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109189
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0168-8227

Abstract

Abstract: Aims: Studies of the gut microbiome have focused on its bacterial composition. We aimed to characterize the gut fungal microbiome (mycobiome) across pregnancy in women with and without type 1 diabetes. Methods: Faecal samples (n = 162) were collected from 70 pregnant women (45 with and 25 without type 1 diabetes) across all trimesters. Fungi were analysed by internal transcribed spacer 1 amplicon sequencing. Markers of intestinal inflammation (faecal calprotectin) and intestinal epithelial integrity (serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein; I-FABP), and serum antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) were measured. Results: Women with type 1 diabetes had decreased fungal alpha diversity by the third trimester, associated with an increased abundance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that was inversely related to the abundance of the anti-inflammatory butyrate-producing bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii . Women with type 1 diabetes had higher concentrations of calprotectin, I-FABP and ASCA. Conclusions: Women with type 1 diabetes exhibit a shift in the gut mycobiome across pregnancy associated with evidence of gut inflammation and impaired intestinal barrier function. The relevance of these findings to the higher rate of pregnancy complications in type 1 diabetes warrants further study.