Classifying risky cannabis involvement in young adults using the Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire (MACQ). (June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Read, Jennifer P.; Egerton, Gregory; Cheesman, Abigail; Steers, Mai-Ly N.
• Is Part Of: Addictive behaviors. Volume 129(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-06
• Subjects: Cannabis -- Assessment -- Young Adults -- Consequences; Substance abuse -- Periodicals; Alcoholism -- Periodicals; Drug addiction -- Periodicals; Nicotine addiction -- Periodicals; Smoking -- Periodicals; Gambling -- Psychological aspects -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 362.29
• DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107236
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-4603

Abstract

Highlights: We sought to identify and validate cut-scores for the Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire (MACQ) that would distinguish among levels of cannabis risk in young adult college students (N = 496). Receiver operating characteristic analyses yielded cutoffs that distinguished among "Low", "Moderate", and "High", risk levels with good sensitivity and specificity. Risk levels were validated across several indices of cannabis involvement. Cutoffs differed across genders. The MACQ can distinguish among cannabis users at varying levels of risk, and thus can be used for screening and intervention referral. Abstract: Background: Despite the growing prevalence of cannabis use and associated consequences among U.S. young adults, relatively little is known about precisely what level of marijuana involvement may be problematic. Method: With this study we sought to identify empirically-derived cut-scores for the Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire (MACQ) that would distinguish among levels of cannabis risk in a sample of young adult college students (N = 496). We also examined how these levels of cannabis risk corresponded to a variety of indicators of cannabis involvement, including frequency of use, intoxication, other measures of cannabis consequences, and indicators of more severe cannabis involvement (e.g., physiological dependence, loss of control over use, cannabis use disorder). Results: Receiver operating characteristic analyses yielded cutoffs that distinguished among three distinct levels of risk, "Low", "Moderate", and "High". These empirically derived cut scores showed strong overall differentiation among classifications, with good sensitivity and specificity. MACQ-based risk levels were validated across several indices of cannabis involvement. Cutoffs differed across genders. Conclusions: Findings offer a new application for the MACQ, allowing for the identification of those at greatest risk. As such, this measure may be used to facilitate appropriately targeted intervention.