New technologies accelerate the exploration of non-coding RNAs in horticultural plants. (5th July 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Degao; Mewalal, Ritesh; Hu, Rongbin; Tuskan, Gerald A; Yang, Xiaohan
• Is Part Of: Horticulture research. Volume 4(2017)
• Publication Date: 2017-07-05
• Subjects: Genomics -- Plant sciences; Horticulture -- Research -- Periodicals; 635.072
• DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2017.31
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2052-7276

Abstract

Abstract: Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), that is, RNAs not translated into proteins, are crucial regulators of a variety of biological processes in plants. While protein-encoding genes have been relatively well-annotated in sequenced genomes, accounting for a small portion of the genome space in plants, the universe of plant ncRNAs is rapidly expanding. Recent advances in experimental and computational technologies have generated a great momentum for discovery and functional characterization of ncRNAs. Here we summarize the classification and known biological functions of plant ncRNAs, review the application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and ribosome profiling technology to ncRNA discovery in horticultural plants and discuss the application of new technologies, especially the new genome-editing tool clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) systems, to functional characterization of plant ncRNAs. Abstract : Plant genomes: Exploring non-coding RNA using new technologies An enigmatic group of molecules known as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play important roles in many cellular processes. The genetic code DNA codes for functional proteins via a messenger molecule, RNA. However, not all RNA is translated into proteins. The remaining ncRNAs have until recently been something of a mystery. Xiaohan Yang and colleagues at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, review the many different forms of ncRNAs, their roles in plant cells, and the technologies that are helping reveal these roles. Non-coding RNAs are involved in regulating plant growth and development and responding to environmental stress. Modern next-generation genetic sequencing methods and genome editing technologies have led to the discovery of ncRNAs in several horticultural species. The research may provide insights into the mechanisms underlying traits of interest such as fruit color and nutritional content