Host Transcription Profile in Nasal Epithelium and Whole Blood of Hospitalized Children Under 2 Years of Age With Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection. (27th September 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Do, Lien Anh Ha; Pellet, Johann; van Doorn, H Rogier; Tran, Anh Tuan; Nguyen, Bach Hue; Tran, Thi Thu Loan; Tran, Quynh Huong; Vo, Quoc Bao; Tran Dac, Nguyen Anh; Trinh, Hong Nhien; Nguyen, Thi Thanh Hai; Le Binh, Bao Tinh; Nguyen, Huu Mai Khanh; Nguyen, Minh Tien; Thai, Quang Tung; Vo, Thanh Vu; Ngo, Ngoc Quang Minh; Dang, Thi Kim Huyen; Cao, Ngoc Huong; Tran, Thu Van; Ho, Lu Viet; De Meulder, Bertrand; Auffray, Charles; Hofstra, Jorrit-Jan; Farrar, Jeremy; Bryant, Juliet E; de Jong, Menno; Hibberd, Martin L
• Is Part Of: Journal of infectious diseases. Volume 217:Number 1(2018)
• Page Start: 134
• Page End: 146
• Publication Date: 2017-09-27
• Subjects: children under 2 years old -- host expression profile -- lower respiratory tract infections -- respiratory syncytial virus -- rhinovirus; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Diseases -- Causes and theories of causation -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix519
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-1899

Abstract

Abstract : RSV infection induces a clearly different host response pattern compared with hRV and induced strong innate immune responses both locally and systemically. B cell lymphoma (BCL6) is a hub gene that positively correlates with RSV load and disease severity. Abstract: Background: Most insights into the cascade of immune events after acute respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection have been obtained from animal experiments or in vitro models. Methods: In this study, we investigated host gene expression profiles in nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs and whole blood samples during natural RSV and rhinovirus (hRV) infection (acute versus early recovery phase) in 83 hospitalized patients <2 years old with lower respiratory tract infections. Results: Respiratory syncytial virus infection induced strong and persistent innate immune responses including interferon signaling and pathways related to chemokine/cytokine signaling in both compartments. Interferon-α/β, NOTCH1 signaling pathways and potential biomarkers HIST1H4E, IL7R, ISG15 in NP samples, or BCL6, HIST2H2AC, CCNA1 in blood are leading pathways and hub genes that were associated with both RSV load and severity. The observed RSV-induced gene expression patterns did not differ significantly in NP swab and blood specimens. In contrast, hRV infection did not as strongly induce expression of innate immunity pathways, and significant differences were observed between NP swab and blood specimens. Conclusions: We conclude that RSV induced strong and persistent innate immune responses and that RSV severity may be related to development of T follicular helper cells and antiviral inflammatory sequelae derived from high activation of BCL6.