Cumulative socio-demographic risk factors and sleep outcomes in early childhood. Issue 3 (26th September 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Williamson, Ariel A; Mindell, Jodi A
• Is Part Of: Sleep. Volume 43:Issue 3(2020)
• Publication Date: 2019-09-26
• Subjects: cumulative risk -- early childhood -- insomnia -- obstructive sleep apnea -- preschoolers -- prevention -- sleep -- sleep health -- sleep hygiene -- toddlers; Sleep -- Physiological aspects -- Periodicals; Sleep disorders -- Periodicals; Sommeil -- Aspect physiologique -- Périodiques; Sommeil, Troubles du -- Périodiques; Sleep disorders; Sleep -- Physiological aspects; Sleep -- physiological aspects; Sleep Wake Disorders; Psychophysiology; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616.8498
• DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz233
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0161-8105

Abstract

Abstract: Study Objectives: To examine associations between cumulative socio-demographic risk factors, sleep health habits, and sleep disorder symptoms in young children. Methods: Two hundred five caregiver-child dyads (child mean age ± SD : 3.3 ± 1.1 years; 53.7% girls; 62.9% black, 22.4% non-Hispanic/Latinx white, 4.4% Hispanic/Latinx; 85.4% maternal caregiver reporter) completed caregiver-rated sleep measures (Brief Child Sleep Questionnaire [BCSQ]; Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire [PSQ] snoring subscale), which were used to generate indexes of poor sleep health habits, pediatric insomnia symptoms, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) symptoms. A cumulative risk index was created reflecting caregiver, family, and neighborhood risks. Results: Overall, 84.5% of children had ≥ 1 poor sleep health habit, 62.9% had ≥ 1 insomnia symptom, and 40.0% had ≥ 1 OSA symptom. Poisson regression indicated that each increase in the number of cumulative risk factors was associated with a 10% increase in poor sleep health habits, a 9% increase in insomnia symptoms, and an 18% increase in OSA symptoms. Specific caregiver risks (depressive symptoms, lower educational attainment) and family risks (single caregiver, crowded home) were most predictive of poor sleep outcomes. Conclusions: Poor sleep health habits and sleep disorder symptoms are highly prevalent in early childhood, particularly among families experiencing cumulative socio-demographic risks. Findings underscore the need for targeted screening and prevention for modifiable sleep behaviors and efforts to tailor such strategies for at-risk children and families, especially those living in crowded conditions, or with caregivers who are single or have a lower educational attainment or depressive symptoms.