Chorion Mesenchymal Stem Cells Show Superior Differentiation, Immunosuppressive, and Angiogenic Potentials in Comparison With Haploidentical Maternal Placental Cells. (13th August 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: González, Paz L.; Carvajal, Catalina; Cuenca, Jimena; Alcayaga-Miranda, Francisca; Figueroa, Fernando E.; Bartolucci, Jorge; Salazar-Aravena, Lorena; Khoury, Maroun
• Is Part Of: Stem cells translational medicine. Volume 4:Number 10(2015)
• Page Start: 1109
• Page End: 1121
• Publication Date: 2015-08-13
• Subjects: Mesenchymal stem cells -- Umbilical cord -- Chorion -- Decidua -- Angiogenic potential -- Immunosuppression -- Fetal -- Maternal -- Placental cells; Stem cells -- Periodicals; Regenerative medicine -- Periodicals; Periodicals; 616.0277405
• DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0022
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2157-6564

Abstract

Abstract : The biological characteristics of haploidentical mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from fetal sources were analyzed and compared with maternal decidua MSCs. The results suggest that assessing the prevalence of fetomaternal contamination within placental MSCs is necessary to increase robustness and limit side effects in their clinical use. The results also show evidence positioning fetoplacental cells in the forefront of the quest for superior cell types for applications in regenerative medicine. Abstract: : Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of placental origin have become increasingly translational owing to their abundance and accessibility. MSCs of different origin share several features but also present biological differences that might point to distinct clinical properties. Hence, mixing fetal and maternal cells from the same placenta can lead to contradicting results. We analyzed the biological characteristics of haploidentical MSCs isolated from fetal sources, including the umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) and chorion (Ch-MSCs), compared with maternal decidua MSCs (Dc-MSCs). All MSCs were analyzed for general stem cell properties. In addition, immunosuppressive capacity was assessed by the inhibition of T-cell proliferation, and angiogenic potential was evaluated in a Matrigel transplantation assay. The comparison between haploidentical MSCs displayed several distinct features, including (a) marked differences in the expression of CD56, (b) a higher proliferative capacity for Dc-MSCs and UC-MSCs than for Ch-MSCs, (c) a diversity of mesodermal differentiation potential in favor of fetal MSCs, (d) a higher capacity for Ch-MSCs to inhibit T-cell proliferation, and (e) superior angiogenic potential of Ch-MSCs evidenced by a higher capability to form tubular vessel-like structures and an enhanced release of hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor under hypoxic conditions. Our results suggest that assessing the prevalence of fetomaternal contamination within placental MSCs is necessary to increase robustness and limit side effects in their clinical use. Finally, our work presents evidence positioning fetoplacental cells and notably Ch-MSCs in the forefront of the quest for cell types that are superior for applications in regenerative medicine. Significance: This study analyzed the biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from fetal and maternal placental origins. The findings can be summarized as follows: (a) important differences were found in the expression of CD56, (b) a different mesodermal differentiation potential was found in favor of fetal MSCs, (c) a higher immunosuppressive capacity for chorion MSCs was noted, and (d) superior angiogenic potential of Ch-MSCs was observed. These results suggest that assessing the prevalence of fetomaternal contamination within placental MSCs is necessary to increase robustness and limit side effects in their clinical use. The evidence should allow clinicians to view fetoplacental cells, notably Ch-MSCs, favorably as candidates for use in regenerative medicine.