Mechanical, bactericidal and osteogenic behaviours of hydrothermally synthesised TiO2 nanowire arrays. (April 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jaggessar, Alka; Mathew, Asha; Wang, Hongxia; Tesfamichael, Tuquabo; Yan, Cheng; Yarlagadda, Prasad KDV
• Is Part Of: Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials. Volume 80(2018)
• Page Start: 311
• Page End: 319
• Publication Date: 2018-04
• Subjects: E. coli Escherichia coli -- P. aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- S. aureus Staphylococcus aureus -- SEM scanning electron microscopy -- XRD X-Ray Diffraction -- OD optical density -- CFU colony forming units -- PBS phosphate-buffered saline -- Pen/Strep Penicillin-Streptomycin -- FBS fetal bovine serum; Biomaterials -- Nano-textured surfaces -- Orthopaedic implants -- Bacterial adhesion -- Hydrothermal synthesis -- Mechanical properties; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; Biomedical materials -- Mechanical properties -- Periodicals; Biomedical materials; Biomedical materials -- Mechanical properties; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.02.011
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1751-6161

Abstract

Abstract: The application of orthopaedic implants is associated with risks of bacterial infection and long-term antibiotic therapy. This problem has led to the study of implants with nano-textured surfaces as a method of inhibiting bacterial adhesion and reducing implant failure due to infection. In this research, various nano-textured surfaces of TiO2 were synthesised using hydrothermal synthesis, by varying NaOH concentration, reaction time and reaction temperature. Their correlations to mechanical, morphological, bactericidal and osteogenic properties of the surfaces were investigated. It was found that high alkaline concentrations produced large nanowire mesh arrays, while short reaction time and low temperature produced comparatively smaller arrays. The highly dense morphology formed at higher NaOH concentrations has resulted in high elastic modulus and hardness values, compared to surfaces produced at lower NaOH concentrations. Viability tests of the TiO2 nanowire array against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus cells showed a bactericidal efficiency of 54% and 33% after 3 and 18 h, respectively. This nano-textured surface produces an osteoblast cellular metabolic activity of 71% after 24 h, compared to 67% when exposed to a flat Ti control surface. This preliminary work demonstrates an excellent outcome in producing bactericidal surfaces that promoted metabolic activity of human osteoblast cells for potential use in orthopaedic implants. Graphical abstract: fx1 Highlights: Hydrothermal synthesis parameters influence surface morphology, dictating surface mechanical properties. Nano-textured surfaces have a 33% bactericidal efficiency against gram-positive S. aureus cells, after 18 h. Human osteoblast cells have a 71% cellular metabolic activity when exposed to a nanowire array for 24 h.