Modulating the Graphitic Domains of Hard Carbons Derived from Mixed Pitch and Resin to Achieve High Rate and Stable Sodium Storage. Issue 5 (1st December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yin, Xiuping; Zhao, Yufeng; Wang, Xuan; Feng, Xiaochen; Lu, Zhixiu; Li, Yong; Long, Hongli; Wang, Jing; Ning, Jinyan; Zhang, Jiujun
• Is Part Of: Small. Volume 18:Issue 5(2022)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-12-01
• Subjects: hard carbon -- high rate performance -- intercalation -- pore filling -- sodium‐ion batteries; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Nanoparticles -- Periodicals; Microtechnology -- Periodicals; 620.5
• DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105568
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-6810

Abstract

Abstract: Resin derived hard carbons (HCs) generally demonstrate remarkable electrochemical performance for both sodium ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs), but their practical applications are hindered by their high price and high temperature pyrolysis (≈1500 °C). Herein, low‐cost pitch is coated on the resin surface to compromise the cost, and meanwhile manipulate the microstructure at a relatively low pyrolysis temperature (1000 °C). HC‐0.2P‐1000 has a large number of short graphitic layer structures and a relatively large interlayer spacing of 0.3743 nm, as well as ≈1 nm sized nanopores suitable for sodium storage. Consequently, the as produced material demonstrates a superior reversible capacity (349.9 mAh g −1 for SIBs and 321.9 mAh g −1 for KIBs) and excellent rate performance (145.1 mAh g −1 at 20 A g −1 for SIBs, 48.5 mAh g −1 at 20 A g −1 for KIBs). Furthermore, when coupled with Na3 V2 (PO4 )3 as cathode, the full cell exhibits a high energy density of 251.1 Wh kg −1 and excellent stability with a capacity retention of 73.3% after 450 cycles at 1 A g −1 . Abstract : Herein, low‐cost pitch is coated on the resin surface to compromise the cost, and meanwhile manipulate the microstructure. The mutual cross‐linking of pitch and resin helps to form short graphitic layers and reduces the specific surface area and micropores. Consequently, the HC‐0.2P‐1000 demonstrates an excellent rate and the full cell exhibits a high energy density of 251.1 Wh kg −1 .