Immune Responses to the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 Vaccines and to Natural Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infections Over a 3-Month Period. (25th November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kim, Ji Yeun; Lim, So Yun; Park, Soonju; Kwon, Ji-Soo; Bae, Seongman; Park, Ji Young; Cha, Hye Hee; Seo, Mi Hyun; Lee, Hyun Jung; Lee, Nakyung; Kim, Kideok; Shum, David; Jee, Youngmee; Kim, Sung-Han
• Is Part Of: Journal of infectious diseases. Volume 225:Number 5(2022)
• Page Start: 777
• Page End: 784
• Publication Date: 2021-11-25
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- second dose -- BNT162b2 -- ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 -- antibody -- T cells; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Diseases -- Causes and theories of causation -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab579
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-1899

Abstract

Abstract: Background: There are limited data directly comparing immune responses to vaccines and to natural infections with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study assessed the immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines over a 3-month period and compared the immune responses with those to natural infections. Method: We enrolled healthcare workers who received BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines and patients with confirmed COVID-19 and then measured S1 immunoglobulin (Ig) G and neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses. Results: A total of 121 vaccinees and 26 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were analyzed. After the second dose, the BNT162b2 vaccine yielded S1 IgG antibody responses similar to those achieved with natural infections (mean IgG titer [standard deviation], 2241 [899] vs 2601 [5039]; P = .68) but significantly stronger than responses to the ChAdOx1 vaccine (174 [96]; P < .001). The neutralizing antibody titer generated by BNT162b2 was 6-fold higher than that generated by ChAdOx1 but lower than that by natural infection. T-cell responses persisted for 3 months with BNT162b2 and natural infection but decreased with ChAdOx1. Conclusions: Antibody responses after the second dose of BNT162b2 are higher than after the second dose of ChAdOx1 and like those occurring after natural infection. T-cell responses are maintained longer in BNT162b2 vaccinees than in ChAdOx1 vaccinees. Abstract : The antibody responses induced by BNT162b2 vaccine were much higher than those induced by ChAdOx1 vaccine and similar to responses to natural infections. T-cell responses were maintained in BNT162b2 vaccinees but not in ChAdOx1 vaccinees after 3 months.