Host factors and vaccine efficacy: Implications for COVID‐19 vaccines. Issue 4 (7th December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Falahi, Shahab; Kenarkoohi, Azra
• Other Names: Luo Guangxiang (George) guestEditor.; Ly Hinh guestEditor.; Gao Shou‐Jiang guestEditor.
• Is Part Of: Journal of medical virology. Volume 94:Issue 4(2022)
• Page Start: 1330
• Page End: 1335
• Publication Date: 2021-12-07
• Subjects: COVID‐19 vaccine -- COVID‐19 -- host factors -- SARS‐CoV‐2 -- vaccine efficacy -- vaccine immunogenicity; Virology -- Periodicals; 616
• DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27485
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0146-6615

Abstract

Abstract: The efficacy of the vaccines varies between individuals and populations. The immunogenicity of the vaccine is influenced by various factors, including host factors. Previous studies have shown that host factors affect the effectiveness of vaccines, which may be true about COVID‐19 vaccines. In this review, we evaluate the possible association of host factors with vaccine efficacy with a special focus on COVID‐19 vaccines. Highlights: In general, immunosenescence, inflammaging, poor diet, diversity and composition of gut microbiota, and high prevalence of comorbidities are associated with lower vaccine responses in aged people. Immune responses vary between two sexes, which can lead to sex disparities in vaccine responses. Vaccines are less effective in low‐ and middle‐income countries compare to high‐income countries, but malnutrition can contribute. Association between individual microbiota composition and vaccination response has been reported.