From Molecular Precursors to Nanoparticles—Tailoring the Adsorption Properties of Porous Carbon Materials by Controlled Chemical Functionalization. (9th January 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Perovic, Milena; Qin, Qing; Oschatz, Martin
• Is Part Of: Advanced functional materials. Volume 30:Number 41(2020)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2020-01-09
• Subjects: composites -- heteroatoms -- metal species -- porous carbon materials -- surface functionalization; Materials -- Periodicals; Chemical vapor deposition -- Periodicals; 620.11
• DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201908371
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1616-301X

Abstract

Abstract: Nanoporous carbon materials (NCMs) provide the "function" of high specific surface area and thus have large interface area for interactions with surrounding species, which is of particular importance in applications related to adsorption processes. The strength and mechanism of adsorption depend on the pore architecture of the NCMs. In addition, chemical functionalization can be used to induce changes of electron density and/or electron density distribution in the pore walls, thus further modifying the interactions between carbons and guest species. Typical approaches for functionalization of nanoporous materials with regular atomic construction like porous silica, metal–organic frameworks, or zeolites, cannot be applied to NCMs due to their less defined local atomic construction and abundant defects. Therefore, synthetic strategies that offer a higher degree of control over the process of functionalization are needed. Synthetic approaches for covalent functionalization of NCMs, that is, for the incorporation of heteroatoms into the carbon backbone, are critically reviewed with a special focus on strategies following the concept "from molecules to materials." Approaches for coordinative functionalization with metallic species, and the functionalization by nanocomposite formation between pristine carbon materials and heteroatom‐containing carbons, are introduced as well. Particular focus is given to the influences of these functionalizations in adsorption‐related applications. Abstract : Methods for the controlled chemical functionalization of nanostructured carbon materials are reviewed, including heteroatom doping, metallic species, and engineering of composites. Particular attention is paid to the interplay between functionalization and adsorption properties. Furthermore, views on synthetic approaches with physicochemical considerations are comprehensively discussed.