A systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the prevalence of depression between people with and without Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Issue 1 (February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Farooqi, Aaisha; Gillies, Clare; Sathanapally, Harini; Abner, Sophia; Seidu, Sam; Davies, Melanie J.; Polonsky, William H.; Khunti, Kamlesh
• Is Part Of: Primary care diabetes. Volume 16:Issue 1(2022)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 10
• Publication Date: 2022-02
• Subjects: PHQ Patient Health Questionnaire -- CES-D Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression -- DIS Diagnostic Interview Schedule; Co-morbidity -- Depression -- Depressive symptoms -- Prevalence -- Type 1 diabetes mellitus -- Type 2 diabetes mellitus -- Diabetes distress; Diabetes -- Periodicals; 616.462
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2021.11.001
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1751-9918

Abstract

Highlights: Prevalence of depression was higher in people with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes compared with those without diabetes. Depression prevalence in people with diabetes did not significantly differ between methods of depression assessment. Prevalence of depression in people with diabetes was higher in studies set in specialist care. Effective chronic disease management is vital, including managing depression in specialist care settings. Abstract: Aims: Diabetes can significantly impact quality of life and mental health. However, inconsistencies have been reported in the prevalence of depression in those with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, and those without. Systematic reviews also included studies without adequate control subjects. We update existing literature, by comparing depression prevalence between individuals with and without Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and PSYCHINFO, from January 1985 to August 2021. Studies were excluded if they failed to have an adequate control group, specified type of diabetes, or reported depression prevalence by type of diabetes. Results: 44 studies were selected for inclusion. The prevalence of depression was significantly higher in people with Type 1 (22% vs 13%, OR = 2.10 (95% CI: 1.23, 3.52)), or Type 2 diabetes (19% vs 11%, OR = 1.76 (1.55, 2.01)) compared to those without diabetes. There was no association between study effect size and mean age or gender. Findings did not significantly differ between methods of depression assessment. Prevalence of depression in people with diabetes was higher in studies carried out in specialist care (36%, OR = 3.14 (2.12, 4.63)) compared to those in community or primary care (12%, OR = 1.51 (1.35, 1.70) and in low- and middle-income countries (OR = 2.58 (1.91, 3.50) compared to countries with high income economies (OR = 1.59 (1.39, 1.82)). Conclusions: Depression prevalence remains significant in those with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Effective chronic disease management in people with diabetes is important, particularly screening and managing depression and diabetes distress in specialist care settings.