Exome array identifies functional exonic biomarkers for pediatric dental caries. (February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Borgio, J. Francis; Alsuwat, Hind Saleh; Alamoudi, Widyan; Hegazi, Fatma Mohammed; Al Otaibi, Waad Mohammed; M. Ibrahim, Abdallah; Almandil, Noor B.; Al-Amodi, Amani M.; Alyousef, Yousef M.; AlShwaimi, Emad; Almasoud, Naif; Kamaraj, Balu; Sayed, AbdulAzeez
• Is Part Of: Computers in biology and medicine. Volume 141(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-02
• Subjects: Dental caries -- Genotype -- Haplotype -- Biomarker -- Tooth brushing habits -- SNPs -- Multigene-environment interaction; Medicine -- Data processing -- Periodicals; Biology -- Data processing -- Periodicals; 610.285
• DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.105019
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0010-4825

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Pediatric dental caries is common among Arab children, however we are still searching for possible genes and molecular mechanisms that influence caries development. Aim: To identity genetic predispositions of dental caries among Saudi children with high DMFT (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth). Design: This case-control study analysed putative functional exonic-variants ( n = 243, 345) to study the molecular genetics of pediatric caries with high dmft index, 8.75 ± 4.16 on Arab-ancestry subjects with primary dentition ( n = 111; 76 cases, dmft>5 and 35 controls, dmft = 0). Results: Pediatric caries is significantly associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the GRIN2B- rs4764039C ( p -value = 2.03 × 10 −08 ) and CFH- rs1065489G ( p -value = 8.26 × 10 −08 ) genes, even after Bonferroni correction. Irregular tooth brushing habits ( p = 0.0404) and irregular dental visits ( p = 0.0050) are significantly associated with caries. Functional enrichment analysis of significant genes is associated with calcium-activated chloride channel, Staphylococcus aureus infection, and N -linked glycosylation. Conclusion: Genetic predispositions are found to be significantly associated with the high prevalence of pediatric caries, which is a disorder of multigene-environment interaction. The significant functional exonic variants identified can be biomarkers for the early diagnosis of pediatric dental caries in Arabs. Highlights: Possible genetic predispositions identified in Saudis with high caries can be considered as biomarker for early diagnosis. The risk genes identified can be of future research on N -linked glycosylation and cariogenic pathogen infection process. The study concludes that dental caries is a multigene-environmental disease.