Seasonal variation in serum metabolites of northern European dogs. (17th December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Walker, Hannah K.; Ottka, Claudia; Lohi, Hannes; Handel, Ian; Clements, Dylan N.; Gow, Adam G.; Mellanby, Richard J.
• Is Part Of: Journal of veterinary internal medicine. Volume 36:Number 1(2022)
• Page Start: 190
• Page End: 195
• Publication Date: 2021-12-17
• Subjects: canine -- cholesterol -- lactate -- lipid -- metabolomics; Veterinary medicine -- Periodicals; 636.0896
• DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16298
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0891-6640

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Metabolic profiling identifies seasonal variance of serum metabolites in humans. Despite the presence of seasonal disease patterns, no studies have assessed whether serum metabolites vary seasonally in dogs. Hypothesis: There is seasonal variation in the serum metabolite profiles of healthy dogs. Animals: Eighteen healthy, client‐owned dogs. Methods: A prospective cohort study. Serum metabolomic profiles were assessed monthly in 18 healthy dogs over a 12‐month period. Metabolic profiling was conducted using a canine‐specific proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy platform, and the effects of seasonality were studied for 98 metabolites using a cosinor model. Seasonal component was calculated, which describes the seasonal variation of each metabolite. Results: We found no evidence of seasonal variation in 93 of 98 metabolites. Six metabolites had statistically significant seasonal variance, including cholesterol (mean 249 mg/dL [6.47 mmol/L] with a seasonal component amplitude of 9 mg/dL [0.23 mmol/L]; 95% confidence interval [CI] 6‐13 mg/dL [0.14‐0.33 mmol/L], P < .008), with a peak concentration of 264 mg/dL (6.83 mmol/L) in June and trough concentration of 236 mg/dL (6.12 mmol/L) in December. In contrast, there was a significantly lower concentration of lactate (mean 20 mg/dL [2.27 mmol/L] with a seasonal component amplitude of 4 mg/dL [0.42 mmol/L]; 95% CI 2‐6 mg/dL [0.22‐0.62 mmol/L], P < .001) during the summer months compared to the winter months, with a peak concentration of 26 mg/dL (2.9 mmol/L) in February and trough concentration of 14 mg/dL (1.57 mmol/L) in July. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: We found no clear evidence that seasonal reference ranges need to be established for serum metabolites of dogs.