Legacy and novel brominated flame-retardants in different fish types from inland freshwaters of South Africa: levels, distribution and implications for human health. Issue 2 (1st February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chokwe, Tlou B.; Krȕger, Elmari; Magubane, Makhosazane N.; Abafe, Ovokeroye A.; Mporetji, Simon M.; Okonkwo, Jonathan O.; Sibali, Linda L.; Hariram, Reveck
• Is Part Of: International journal of environmental health research. Volume 32:Issue 2(2022)
• Page Start: 321
• Page End: 331
• Publication Date: 2022-02-01
• Subjects: Brominated flame-retardants -- fish -- daily intake -- risk assessment -- South Africa; Environmental health -- Periodicals; 363.7
• DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1757042
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0960-3123

Abstract

ABSTRACT: This study report the presence of polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and novel brominated flame-retardants (NBFRs) in muscle tissues of Labeo capensis (mudfish), Labeo umbratus (moggel), Cyprinus carpio (carp) and Clarias gariepinus (catfish) from Vaal River, South Africa. The concentrations (in ng g −1 wet weight (ww)) of these contaminants ranged from LOQ to 12.8 ng g −1 ww in catfish, with lowest concentrations found for mudfish ranging from <LOQ to 3.4 ng g −1 ww. This variation was attributed to species-specific ecological status such as feeding habit and trophic level with BDE209 and BB209 as a major congeners among PBDEs and PBBs, respectively, and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) as a major flame retardants among the NBFRs. The hazard quotients of these contaminants were very low indicating that these contaminants do not pose health risk to South Africans via fish consumption.