Prevalence and Outcomes of D-Dimer Elevation in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19. Issue 10 (October 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Berger, Jeffrey S.; Kunichoff, Dennis; Adhikari, Samrachana; Ahuja, Tania; Amoroso, Nancy; Aphinyanaphongs, Yindalon; Cao, Meng; Goldenberg, Ronald; Hindenburg, Alexander; Horowitz, James; Parnia, Sam; Petrilli, Christopher; Reynolds, Harmony; Simon, Emma; Slater, James; Yaghi, Shadi; Yuriditsky, Eugene; Hochman, Judith; Horwitz, Leora I.
• Is Part Of: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. Volume 40:Issue 10(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-10
• Subjects: acute kidney injury -- critical illness -- epidemiology -- mortality -- thrombosis; Arteriosclerosis -- Periodicals; Thrombosis -- Periodicals; Blood-vessels -- Pathophysiology -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.13
• DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.314872
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1079-5642

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: To determine the prevalence of D-dimer elevation in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalization, trajectory of D-dimer levels during hospitalization, and its association with clinical outcomes. Approach and Results: Consecutive adults admitted to a large New York City hospital system with a positive polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) between March 1, 2020 and April 8, 2020 were identified. Elevated D-dimer was defined by the laboratory-specific upper limit of normal (>230 ng/mL). Outcomes included critical illness (intensive care, mechanical ventilation, discharge to hospice, or death), thrombotic events, acute kidney injury, and death during admission. Among 2377 adults hospitalized with COVID-19 and ≥1 D-dimer measurement, 1823 (76%) had elevated D-dimer at presentation. Patients with elevated presenting baseline D-dimer were more likely than those with normal D-dimer to have critical illness (43.9% versus 18.5%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.4 [95% CI, 1.9–3.1]; P <0.001), any thrombotic event (19.4% versus 10.2%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.9 [95% CI, 1.4–2.6]; P <0.001), acute kidney injury (42.4% versus 19.0%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.4 [95% CI, 1.9–3.1]; P <0.001), and death (29.9% versus 10.8%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.6–2.9]; P <0.001). Rates of adverse events increased with the magnitude of D-dimer elevation; individuals with presenting D-dimer >2000 ng/mL had the highest risk of critical illness (66%), thrombotic event (37.8%), acute kidney injury (58.3%), and death (47%). Conclusions: Abnormal D-dimer was frequently observed at admission with COVID-19 and was associated with higher incidence of critical illness, thrombotic events, acute kidney injury, and death. The optimal management of patients with elevated D-dimer in COVID-19 requires further study. Abstract : Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.