Individual alpha frequency increases during a task but is unchanged by alpha‐band flicker. (1st October 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Gray, Michael J.; Emmanouil, Tatiana A.
• Is Part Of: Psychophysiology. Volume 57:Number 2(2020)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2019-10-01
• Subjects: alpha rhythm < content/topics -- behavioral oscillations -- EEG < methods -- entrainment -- individual alpha frequency; Psychophysiology -- Periodicals; 612.8
• DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13480
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0048-5772

Abstract

Abstract: Visual perception fluctuates in sync with ongoing neural oscillations in the delta, theta, and alpha frequency bands of the human EEG. Supporting the relationship between alpha and perceptual sampling, recent work has demonstrated that variations in individual alpha frequency (IAF) correlate with the ability to discriminate one from two stimuli presented briefly in the same location. Other studies have found that, after being presented with a flickering stimulus at alpha frequencies, perception of near‐threshold stimuli fluctuates for a short time at the same frequency. Motivated by previous work, we were interested in whether this alpha entrainment involves shifts in IAF. While recording EEG, we tested whether two‐flash discrimination (a behavioral correlate of IAF) can be influenced by ~1 s of rhythmic visual stimulation at two different alpha frequencies (8.3 and 12.5 Hz). Speaking against the bottom‐up malleability of IAF, we found no change in IAF during stimulation and no change in two‐flash discrimination immediately afterward. We also found synchronous activity that persisted after 12.5 Hz stimulation, which suggests that a separate source of alpha was entrained. Importantly, we replicated the correlation between IAF and two‐flash discrimination in a no‐stimulation condition, demonstrating the sensitivity of our behavioral measure. We additionally found that IAF increased during the task compared to rest, which demonstrates that IAF is influenced by top‐down factors but is not involved in entrainment. Abstract : Rhythmic visual stimulation in the alpha band (8–13 Hz) induces subsequent fluctuations in visual sensitivity at the stimulation frequency. We tested the hypothesis that this alpha entrainment operates by shifting individuals&#39; alpha frequency (IAF) and associated perceptual functions. Despite replicating a correlation between IAF and two‐flash discrimination performance, we found no systematic influence of alpha‐band flicker on performance and no evidence of flicker‐induced shifts of IAF in the EEG. We also observed IAF increases during the task compared to rest. Taken together, results suggest that IAF and associated perceptual functions can be shifted by endogenous but not exogenous factors.