An overview of progress from empirical to rational design in modern vaccine development, with an emphasis on computational tools and immunoinformatics approaches. (January 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Soleymani, Safoura; Tavassoli, Amin; Housaindokht, Mohammad Reza
• Is Part Of: Computers in biology and medicine. Volume 140(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-01
• Subjects: Vaccine development -- Recombinant vaccines -- Rational design -- Computational tools -- Immunoinformatics approaches; Medicine -- Data processing -- Periodicals; Biology -- Data processing -- Periodicals; 610.285
• DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.105057
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0010-4825

Abstract

Abstract: Vaccination remains the most effective strategy for preventing and controlling infectious diseases. Numerous conventional vaccines, especially live attenuated, inactivated (killed) microorganisms and subunit vaccines, lead to an effective induction of protective immune responses, mainly antibody-mediated responses against pathogens. However, it has become known that a wide range of highly dangerous pathogens are uncontrollable via conventional vaccination strategies. Recent advances in molecular biology, immunology, genetics, biochemistry, and bioinformatics have provided new prospects for vaccine development. As a result of these advances, several new strategies for vaccine design, development, and production have appeared. These strategies show advantages over conventional vaccines. In this review, we discuss some of the major novel approaches, including recombinant protein vaccines, live recombinant viral and bacterial vectors, DNA and RNA vaccines, reverse vaccinology and reverse genetics approaches. Moreover, we have described the recent progresses on computational tools and immunoinformatics approaches for identifying, designing, and developing new candidate vaccines. Highlights: An overview of vaccine design and development from the past to the present and the future. Introduction to recent advancements in recombinant vaccines production. Importance of using computational tools and immunoinformatics approaches for developing a new generation of vaccines.