Assessing the drug resistance profiles of oral probiotic lozenges. Issue 1 (31st December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Yi; Dong, Jingya; Wang, Junyi; Chi, Wei; Zhou, Wei; Tian, Qiwen; Hong, Yue; Zhou, Xuan; Ye, Hailv; Tian, Xuechen; Hu, Rongdang; Wong, Aloysius
• Is Part Of: Journal of oral microbiology. Volume 14:Issue 1(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-12-31
• Subjects: Probiotics -- antibiotic resistance -- probiotic supplements -- oral probiotics -- probiotic lozenges -- dental probiotics -- Lactobacillus -- horizontal gene transfer; Mouth -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Medical microbiology -- Periodicals; Mouth Diseases -- microbiology; Mouth -- microbiology; Medical microbiology; Mouth -- Microbiology; Oral Pathology; Microbiology; Periodicals; Periodicals; Fulltext; Internet Resources; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.31
• DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2021.2019992
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2000-2297

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Background: Probiotic lozenges have been developed to harvest the benefits of probiotics for oral health, but their long-term consumption may encourage the transfer of resistance genes from probiotics to commensals, and eventually to disease-causing bacteria. Aim: To screen commercial probiotic lozenges for resistance to antibiotics, characterize the resistance determinants, and examine their transferability in vitro . Results: Probiotics of all lozenges were resistant to glycopeptide, sulfonamide, and penicillin antibiotics, while some were resistant to aminoglycosides and cephalosporins. High minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were detected for streptomycin (>128 µg/mL) and chloramphenicol (> 512 µg/mL) for all probiotics but only one was resistant to piperacillin (MIC = 32 µg/mL). PCR analysis detected erythromycin ( erm(T), ermB or mefA ) and fluoroquinolone ( parC or gyr(A) ) resistance genes in some lozenges although there were no resistant phenotypes. The dfrD, cat-TC, vatE, aadE, vanX, and aph(3")-III or ant(2")-I genes conferring resistance to trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, quinupristin/dalfopristin, vancomycin, and streptomycin, respectively, were detected in resistant probiotics. The rifampicin resistance gene rpoB was also present. We found no conjugal transfer of streptomycin resistance genes in our co-incubation experiments. Conclusion: Our study represents the first antibiotic resistance profiling of probiotics from oral lozenges, thus highlighting the health risk especially in the prevailing threat of drug resistance globally.