Physics-based modeling of sodium-ion batteries part II. Model and validation. (1st February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chayambuka, Kudakwashe; Mulder, Grietus; Danilov, Dmitri L.; Notten, Peter H.L.
• Is Part Of: Electrochimica acta. Volume 404(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-02-01
• Subjects: Sodium-ion batteries -- P2D Model -- Physics-based model -- NVPF -- HC -- Genetic algorithm -- Reference electrode -- Anode potential -- Ragone plot; Electrochemistry -- Periodicals; Electrochemistry, Industrial -- Periodicals; 541.37
• DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139764
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0013-4686

Abstract

Highlights: A physics-based sodium-ion battery (SIB) model is presented for the first time. The model uses electrochemical parameters determined from dedicated experiments. Experimental discharge curves are used to validate the model at different rates. Model validation is based on individual electrode potentials. This model can be used as a design tool to improve the performance of SIBs. Abstract: Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have recently been proclaimed as the frontrunner 'post lithium' energy storage technology. This is because SIBs share similar performance metrics with lithium-ion batteries, and sodium is 1000 times more abundant than lithium. In order to understand the electrochemical characteristics of SIBs and improve present-day designs, physics-based models are necessary. Herein, a physics-based, pseudo-two-dimensional (P2D) model is introduced for SIBs for the first time. The P2D SIB model is based on N a 3 V 2 ( P O 4 ) 2 F 3 (NVPF) and hard carbon (HC) as positive and negative electrodes, respectively. Charge transfer in the NVPF and HC electrodes is described by concentration-dependent diffusion coefficients and kinetic rate constants. Parametrization of the model is based on experimental data and genetic algorithm optimization. It is shown that the model is highly accurate in predicting the discharge profiles of full cell HC//NVPF SIBs. In addition, internal battery states, such as the individual electrode potentials and concentrations, can be obtained from the model at applied currents. Several key challenges in both electrodes and the electrolyte are herein unraveled, and useful design considerations to improve the performance of SIBs are highlighted.