A new analytical cut-off point for determining 18 years of age using MRI on medial clavicular epiphysis. (February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Scendoni, Roberto; Ribeiro, Isabella Lima Arrais; Cingolani, Mariano; Giovagnoni, Andrea; Curzi, Martina; Fedeli, Piergiorgio; Cameriere, Roberto
• Is Part Of: Legal medicine. Volume 54(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-02
• Subjects: Age estimation -- Magnetic resonance imaging -- 18 years -- Medial clavicular epiphysis -- Cut-off point -- Logistic regression; Medical jurisprudence -- Periodicals; Forensic Medicine -- Periodicals; Médecine légale -- Périodiques; Medical jurisprudence; Periodicals; 614.1
• DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2021.102010
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1344-6223

Abstract

Highlights: In forensic age estimation there is growing interest in using MRI. MRI of medial clavicular epiphysis is a valid approach for evaluating age of majority. Ratio between epiphyseal fusion and metaphysis is an indicative parameter for age. A new cut-off point (0.40) for predicting 18 years of age has been introduced. Abstract: Evaluation of the ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis plays a key role in forensic age estimation. The purpose of the present study was to assess a new numerical cut-off at the age of 18 years, taking into consideration Magnetic Resonance (MR) images of the medial clavicular epiphysis. We analyzed 163 MR scans of Italian subjects aged between 14 and 25 years. Using the data obtained we calculated two ratios: REM-1 (ratio between the length of the whole epiphysis and the length of the metaphysis) and REM-2 (ratio between the length of epiphyseal-metaphyseal fusion and the length of the metaphysis). In 68 out of 163 cases it was not possible to measure REM-2. The reproducibility was demonstrated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) (Cronbach's alpha > 0.80). REM-1 and REM-2 were compared in each category of age (adult and minor) by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The cut-off points for measurements of REM-1 and REM-2 were determined by logistic regression. For REM-1, the cut-off scores were 0.83 for all individuals (accuracy = 94.77%) and males (accuracy = 96.05%), and 0.86 for females (accuracy = 92.30%). For REM-2, the cut-off values were 0.40 for all individuals and males (accuracy = 100.00%), and 0.41 for females (accuracy = 100.00%). Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for age classification based on REM-1 and REM-2 were constructed, showing that REM-2 had the highest discriminative power. Thus, a new cut-off model for predicting the age of majority has been introduced, conducting a quantitative analysis thanks to the use of a high-resolution imaging tool.