Development of the first DNA database and identification portal for identification of Unidentified bodies in India – UMID. Issue 1 (January 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Behera, Chittaranjan; Singh, Prashasti; Shukla, Prachi; Bharti, Deepak R.; Kaushik, Ruchika; Sharma, Nidhi; Mahapatra, Braja Kishore; Chauhan, Kamal; Meher, Sushil Kumar; Yadav, Abhishek; Tabin, Millo; Gupta, Sudhir Kumar; Singh, Harpreet
• Is Part Of: Science & justice. Volume 62:Issue 1(2022)
• Page Start: 110
• Page End: 116
• Publication Date: 2022-01
• Subjects: UMID Unidentified bodies & Missing persons Identification portal & DNA database; DNA database -- Unidentified dead bodies -- Phenotypic Data -- Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) profiles; Forensic sciences -- Periodicals; Criminal investigation -- Periodicals; Forensic Medicine -- Periodicals; Jurisprudence -- Periodicals; Criminalistique -- Périodiques; Enquêtes criminelles -- Périodiques; Criminal investigation; Forensic sciences; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 363.2505
• DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2021.12.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1355-0306

Abstract

Highlights: Database with phenotypic and visual characteristics along with genotypic (STR) Information. India's First Ever DNA Database with significant impact on forensic methodologies. High quality entries as all entries included only after autopsy. Publicly accessible phenotypic and other visual information. Simple claiming process for claimants. Abstract: Identifying missing persons and unidentified dead bodies is a well-documented global problem in recent years. To curb this issue, countries such as the USA, UK, and Australia already have well-established DNA databases. Considering the alarming number of unidentified/unclaimed dead bodies reported in India every year, it is evident that the current practices are not sufficient to establish their identities. Forensic medicine professionals are ethically, morally, and dutybound to collect information about missing and unidentified persons and work with the government agencies to determine their identity. Concerning the social and public interest, we have developed the first-ever identification portal and DNA database of unidentified dead bodies autopsied at the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India. After the investigation officer's informed consent, biological samples from unidentified dead bodies and a detailed phenotypic description, anthropological data and other visual characteristics of the deceased are recorded at the time of autopsy. This information is uploaded on our database which is available for public access, and the genotypic information generated through STR analysis is only available for internal usage. Claimants (biological relatives) may browse through the URL (https://umid-aiims.icmr.org.in/ ), and if they wish to claim an unidentified dead body, they may approach as per the given guidelines. The DNA profiles generated include a total of 16 STRs (15 autosomal tetranucleotide microsatellite STRs and 1 Sex Chromosome Specific STR). The claimant's STR profile is run through the questioned database to look for a potential match. If positive, the investigating officer of that particular case is informed for further necessary action. Until December 2020, our database consisted the information of 255 individuals and two unidentified cadavers were identified. This project's success can also lead to a pioneering National DNA database of unidentified and missing persons in India.