The latent structure of ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD in a general population sample from USA: A factor mixture modelling approach. (January 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Redican, Enya; Cloitre, Marylene; Hyland, Philip; McBride, Orla; Karatzias, Thanos; Murphy, Jamie; Shevlin, Mark
• Is Part Of: Journal of anxiety disorders. Volume 85(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-01
• Subjects: ICD-11 -- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder -- Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder -- Factor mixture model; Anxiety -- Periodicals; Anxiety Disorders -- Periodicals; Angoisse -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.8522
• DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102497
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0887-6185

Abstract

Abstract: The validity of ICD-11 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex PTSD (CPTSD), as measured by the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ; Cloitre et al., 2018) has been supported in many factor analytic and mixture modelling studies. There is, however, a paucity of research investigating the latent structure of the ITQ using factor mixture modelling (FMM). FMM was applied to data collected from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults (N = 1834). FMM results demonstrated strong support for a two-factor second-order model with four qualitatively distinct latent classes: a 'PTSD class', a 'CPTSD class', a 'DSO' (Disturbances in Self-Organisation) class and a 'low symptoms class'. Sexual abuse increased likelihood of membership to the 'CPTSD' (OR = 3.22) and physical abuse decreased likelihood of membership to the 'PTSD' (OR=0.51). Trauma exposure in adulthood predicted 'PTSD' and 'CPTSD' class membership. The 'CPTSD class' was characterised by higher levels of psychopathological co-morbidities and poorer psychological wellbeing compared to all other classes. Results provide additional support for the validity of PTSD and CPTSD as measured by the ITQ. Highlights: A factor mixture model best captures the latent structure of ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD. Support for ICD-11 predictions that there are distinct trauma groups in population. ITQ is a valid and reliable measure of ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD. Childhood traumas, ACEs and adulthood trauma are risk factors for PTSD and CPTSD. Exploration of the characteristics of 'DSO' subgroup.