Environmental factors influence somatic cell reprogramming to cardiomyocyte-like cells. (February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Van Handel, Ben; Wang, Lingjun; Ardehali, Reza
• Is Part Of: Seminars in cell & developmental biology. Volume 122(2022)
• Page Start: 44
• Page End: 49
• Publication Date: 2022-02
• Subjects: iCMs induced cardiomyocytes -- GMT Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5 -- MGT Mef2c, Gata4, and Tbx5 -- GMHT Gata4, Mef2c, HAND2, and Tbx5 -- CFs cardiac fibroblasts -- TFs transcription factors -- TGF-β transforming growth factor-β -- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor -- ECM extracellular matrix -- AAV adeno-associated viruses -- HDACs histone deacetylases -- BAF Brg1/Brm associated factor; Direct cardiac reprogramming -- Induced cardiomyocyte-like cells -- Microenvironment -- Epigenetics -- Noncoding RNA -- Cytokine -- Growth factor; Cytology -- Periodicals; Developmental biology -- Periodicals; 571.6
• DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.028
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1084-9521

Abstract

Abstract: Direct cardiac reprogramming, which refers to somatic cell ( i.e . fibroblast) fate conversion to cardiomyocyte-like cell without transitioning through an intermediate pluripotent state, provides a novel therapeutic strategy for heart regeneration by converting resident cardiac fibroblasts to cardiomyocytes in situ . However, several limitations need to be addressed prior to clinical translation of this technology. They include low efficiency of reprogramming, heterogeneity of starting fibroblasts, functional immaturity of induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs), virus immunogenicity and toxicity, incomplete understanding of changes in the epigenetic landscape as fibroblasts undergo reprogramming, and the environmental factors that influence fate conversion. Several studies have demonstrated that a combination of enforced expression of cardiac transcription factors along with certain cytokines and growth factors in the presence of favorable environmental cues (including extracellular matrix, topography, and mechanical properties) enhance the efficiency and quality of direct reprogramming. This paper reviews the literature on the influence of the microenvironment on direct cardiac reprogramming in vitro and in vivo .