Associations of neuroticism with falls in older adults: do psychological factors mediate the association?. (2nd January 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Turunen, Katri Maria; Kokko, Katja; Kekäläinen, Tiia; Alén, Markku; Hänninen, Tuomo; Pynnönen, Katja; Laukkanen, Pia; Tirkkonen, Anna; Törmäkangas, Timo; Sipilä, Sarianna
• Is Part Of: Aging & mental health. Volume 26:Number 1(2022)
• Page Start: 77
• Page End: 85
• Publication Date: 2022-01-02
• Subjects: Aged -- cross-sectional studies -- accidental falls -- risk factors -- fear -- personality; Older people -- Mental health -- Periodicals; Geriatric psychiatry -- Periodicals; Older people -- Psychology -- Periodicals; Aging -- Psychological aspects -- Periodicals; Aged -- psychology -- periodicals; Mental Health -- periodicals; Mental Health Services -- periodicals; Aging -- psychology -- periodicals; Aged, 80 and over -- psychology -- periodicals; 618.97689
• DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1841735
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1360-7863

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: Neuroticism predicts falls in older people. In addition, concern about falling and depressive symptoms are associated with fall risk. This study examined whether concern about falling and depressive symptoms mediate the association between neuroticism and falls. Method: Cross-sectional data on 314 community-dwelling people aged 70–85 years were utilized. Neuroticism was assessed with a short modified form of the Eysenck Personality Inventory. Indoor and outdoor falls during the past year were self-reported. Concern about falling was assessed with the Falls Efficacy Scale-International and depressive symptoms with the Geriatric Depression Scale-15. Path modeling was used to examine the associations between variables. Results: Mediating pathways linking neuroticism and falls were found: neuroticism was positively associated with concern about falling, which was subsequently linked to indoor falls (indirect effect β = 0.34, p = 0.002) and recurrent outdoor falls ( β = 0.19, p = 0.045). Moreover, a pathway from neuroticism to indoor falls through depressive symptoms was also found ( β = 0.21, p = 0.054). In other words, higher neuroticism was associated with higher concern about falling and depressive symptoms, both of which were linked to falls. The associations were independent of age, sex, use of psychotropic, chronic diseases, persistent pain, physical performance, physical activity, and executive functioning that are known risk factors for falls. Discussion: The results indicate that concern about falling and depressive symptoms mediate the association between neuroticism and falling. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the causality of the findings and to examine the potential to reduce falls by targeting concern about falling and depressive symptoms among older adults higher in neuroticism.