The efficiency of synthetic polymers to ameliorate the adverse effects of Aflatoxin on plasma biochemistry, immune responses, and hepatic genes expression in ducklings. (November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Arak, Homa; Karimi Torshizi, Mohammad Amir; Hedayati, Mehdi; Rahimi, Shaban
• Is Part Of: Toxicon. Volume 187(2020)
• Page Start: 136
• Page End: 143
• Publication Date: 2020-11
• Subjects: Aflatoxins -- Duckling -- Gene expression -- Molecularly imprinted polymer; AFs aflatoxins -- AFB1 aflatoxin B1 -- AIBN 2 2-azobisisobutyronitrile -- CTB commercial toxin binder -- DMC 5, 7-dimethoxycoumarin -- EGDMA ethylene glycol dimethacrylate -- MAA methacrylic acid -- MIPs molecular imprinted polymers -- TMU Tarbiat Modares University; Toxins -- Periodicals; Venom -- Periodicals; 615.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.08.033
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0041-0101

Abstract

Abstract: To evaluate the effect of molecularly imprinted polymers as a synthetic polymer (TMU95 ) and commercial toxin binder (CTB ) on aflatoxins (AFs ) toxic effects on hepatic gene expression, and the biochemical and immunological parameters in ducklings, 240 four-day-old ducklings were randomly allocated into six groups with four replicates of 10 ducklings per each. The experimental groups were as follows: Negative control (basal diet without any additive or AFs), Negative control + TMU95 (5 g/kg feed), Negative control + CTB (Zarinbinder, Vivan Group, Mashhad, Iran. 5 g/kg feed), Positive control (0.2 mg AFs/kg feed), Positive control + TMU95 (5 g/kg feed), and Positive control + CTB (5 g/kg feed). On day 14, livers were collected (8 per treatment) to evaluate change in the expression of genes involved in AFs biotransformation (cytochrome P450 1A1 and 2H1) and antioxidant function (glutathione S-transferase). Several biochemical biomarkers and immune responses were also recorded. Compared with the negative control group AFs treatment significantly decreased plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride and increased the aspartate-aminotransferase (AST ), alanine-aminotransferase (ALT ) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP ) activity ( P ≤ 0.01). Cellular immune responses to the phytohemagglutinin-and 2, 4-dinitro 1-chlorobenzene skin test were significantly influenced by dietary aflatoxins ( P ≤ 0.01) but a humoral immune response to Newcastle disease virus/vaccine was not affected ( P ≥ 0.01). Compared with negative control group, the genes associated with AFs biotransformation were downregulated, whereas the gene associated with the antioxidant function was upregulated in birds fed AFs. The CTB supplement in contaminated feed could alleviate AFs adverse effects on cellular immunity, ALT concentration, and cytochrome P450 2H1 gene expression partially, whereas TMU95 could not ameliorate the adverse effects of AFs on the traits studied, except for ALP. The data suggest that TMU95 may alleviate some of the toxic effects of aflatoxins in duckling and it might prove to be beneficial in the reduction of aflatoxicosis adverse effect in poultry when used in combination with other aflatoxin management practices. Highlights: Effect of aflatoxins and synthetic polymers on ducklings were assessed. Aflatoxin consumption could affect investigated parameters negatively. The adverse effects of aflatoxin were neutralized by synthetic polymers partially.