The balanced microenvironment regulated by the degradants of appropriate PLGA scaffolds and chitosan conduit promotes peripheral nerve regeneration. (September 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lu, Panjian; Wang, Gang; Qian, Tianmei; Cai, Xiaodong; Zhang, Ping; Li, Meiyuan; Shen, Yinying; Xue, Chengbin; Wang, Hongkui
• Is Part Of: Materials today bio. Volume 12(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-09
• Subjects: PLGA -- Schwann cells -- Regeneration microenvironment -- Inflammation; TENG tissue-engineered nerve graft -- PLGA poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) -- PGA poly (glycolic acid) -- PLA poly (lactic acid) -- SCs Schwann cells -- DMEM Dulbecco's modified eagle medium -- SD Sprague-Dawley -- FBS fetal bovine serum -- DAPI 4' 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole -- CCK8 Cell Counting Kit-8 -- OD optical density -- NC negative control -- TUNEL terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling -- NS normal saline -- SFI sciatic nerve function index -- CMAPs compound muscle action potentials -- HE hematoxylin-eosin -- α-BGT α-bungarotoxin -- SD standard deviation -- ANOVA one-way analysis of variance; Materials science -- Periodicals; Biomedical engineering -- Periodicals; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; 620.1
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100158
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2590-0064

Abstract

Abstract: Tissue-engineered nerve grafts (TENGs) are the most promising way for repairing long-distance peripheral nerve defects. Chitosan and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds are considered as the promising materials in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields especially in the field of tissue engineering. To further clarify the effects of a chitosan conduit inserted with various quantity of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds, and their degrades on the peripheral nerve regeneration, the chitosan nerve conduit inserted with different amounts of PLGA scaffolds were used to repair rat sciatic nerve defects. The peripheral nerve regeneration at the different time points was dynamically and comprehensively evaluated. Moreover, the influence of different amounts of PLGA scaffolds on the regeneration microenvironment including inflammatory response and cell state were also revealed. The modest abundance of PLGA is more instrumental to the success of nerve regeneration, which is demonstrated in terms of the structure of the regenerated nerve, reinnervation of the target muscle, nerve impulse conduction, and overall function. The PLGA scaffolds aid the migration and maturation of Schwann cells. Furthermore, the PLGA and chitosan degradation products in a correct ratio neutralize, reducing the inflammatory response and enhancing the regeneration microenvironment. The balanced microenvironment regulated by the degradants of appropriate PLGA scaffolds and chitosan conduit promotes peripheral nerve regeneration. The findings represent a further step towards programming TENGs construction, applying polyester materials in regenerative medicine, and understanding the neural regeneration microenvironment. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Guide scaffolds are necessary for construction of TENGs to benefeat Schwann cell migration and maturation. A large number of acid degradation products of PLGA scaffolds adversely affect cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Appropriate amount of PLGA scaffolds balance positive cell guidance and negative degradation inflammation. Dosage of PLGA and its combination with complementary biomaterials are key factors that affect regeneration effects.