Approach to enhance the heat transfer of valve seats through thermal analysis. (5th February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hassan, Mohamad Aniq Syazwan Mohamed; Razlan, Zuradzman Mohamad; Bakar, Shahriman Abu; Rojan, Mohd Afendi; Ahmad, Wan Khairunizam Wan; Ibrahim, Zunaidi; Ishak, Azizul Aziz; Rahman, Anas Abdul; Jamir, Mohd Ridzuan Mohd
• Is Part Of: Applied thermal engineering. Volume 202(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-02-05
• Subjects: Valve seat insert -- Thermal analysis -- Heat transfer coefficient -- Thermal conductivity -- Copper alloys -- Internal combustion engine; ANN Artificial neural network -- ANFIS Adaptive neural-fuzzy systems function -- CFD Computational fluid dynamic -- CHT Conjugate heat transfer -- ECH Engine cylinder head -- FEM Finite-element method -- HTC/ Heat transfer coefficient -- ICE Internal combustion engine -- MODENAS Syarikat Motosikal dan Enjin Nasional Sdn. Bhd. -- MoTECH Motorsports Technology Research Unit UniMAP -- N/A Not applicable -- RMS Root mean square -- rpm Revolution per minute -- SOHC Single overhead camshaft -- TCC Thermal contact conductance -- 1-D One-dimensional -- 3-D Three-dimensional; Heat engineering -- Periodicals; Heating -- Equipment and supplies -- Periodicals; Periodicals; 621.40205
• DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.117870
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1359-4311

Abstract

Highlights: Thermal analysis of copper alloys valve seat was investigated. Engine cylinder head is subdivided into several boundary condition zones. Thermal data in the zones are extracted to assess the transient thermal simulation. Copper alloys valve seat shows improvement in the thermal characteristics. Thermal data enable to identify zones subjected to highest temperatures. Abstract: The valve seat insert is a component of the engine cylinder head, whose primary function is to seal the combustion chamber and absorb the valve's heat, releasing it to the engine cylinder head. The valves experience high temperatures owing to high thermal loading and low heat absorption in the valve seat, which can potentially damage the engine. Therefore, the thermal characteristics of the valve seat must be optimised to increase the heat transmission between the valve and its seat. Here, three copper alloy valve seats, brass, beryllium copper, and bronze copper, were tested against the existing sintered iron valve seat, and their temperature maps were determined using actual engine operation conditions. The instantaneous heat transfer coefficients of the valves, seats, and engine cylinder head during the four-stroke cycle were evaluated using a one-dimensional thermal simulation analysis. The values obtained were used to assess the finite-element model using a three-dimensional thermal simulation in the Ansys software. The results show that the brass, beryllium-, and bronze-copper valve seats increased the overall heat flux by 4.46%, 4.16%, and 2.06%, respectively, compared to those for sintered iron. Thus, the results are essential to improve the thermal characteristics of the copper alloy valve seat imposed on the cylinder head. For validation, an experimental engine thermal survey and uncertainty magnification factors were used to validate the model. The results indicate that the maximum difference between the simulation and experimental values is 8.42%. Therefore, this approach offers a direct and comprehensible application for evaluating the temperature distribution, heat gradient, and heat flux of the cylinder head of air-cooled spark-ignition moped motorcycle engines using copper alloy valve seat materials at intermediate engine speeds. Furthermore, this method is applicable as a platform for the automotive industry to improve the heat transfer of the structural parts of internal combustion engines.