Design and implementation of an open-Source IoT and blockchain-based peer-to-peer energy trading platform using ESP32-S2, Node-Red and, MQTT protocol. (November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Baig, Mirza Jabbar Aziz; Iqbal, M. Tariq; Jamil, Mohsin; Khan, Jahangir
• Is Part Of: Energy reports. Volume 7(2021)
• Page Start: 5733
• Page End: 5746
• Publication Date: 2021-11
• Subjects: Peer-to-Peer (P2P) -- Ethereum blockchain -- Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) -- Hypertext Transfer Protocol (http) -- Internet of things (IoT); Power resources -- Periodicals; Energy industries -- Periodicals; Power resources; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 621.04205
• DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2021.08.190
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2352-4847

Abstract

Abstract: An open-source P2P energy trading platform facilitates energy trading amongst the peers. The proposed system provides real time data acquisition, monitoring and control of self-generated energy at a remote location. The trading activities are done on a web interface that uses a private Ethereum blockchain. A smart contract is deployed on the Ethereum blockchain and the trading activities performed on the web interface are recorded on a tamper-proof blockchain network. An internet of things platform is used to monitor and control the self-generated energy. Energy data is collected and processed by means of ESP32-S2 microcontrollers using field instrumentation devices which are connected to the voltage source and load. An open-source decentralized Peer-to-Peer (P2P) energy trading system, designed on the blockchain and internet of things (IoT) architecture is proposed. The hardware setup includes a relay, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, a Wi-Fi router and ESP32-S2 microcontroller. For data transfer the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is used over a local network. ESP32-S2 is set up as MQTT client and Node-Red IoT server is used as MQTT broker. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (http) request method is implemented to connect the Node-Red server with the web interface developed using React.JS library. The system design, implementation, testing, and results are presented in this paper.