Developing a benchmark model for renovated, nearly zero-energy, terraced dwellings. (15th January 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Attia, Shady; Canonge, Théophile; Popineau, Mathieu; Cuchet, Mathilde
• Is Part Of: Applied energy. Volume 306:Part B(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-01-15
• Subjects: Reference building -- Terraced building -- Row housing -- Energy audit -- Energy efficiency -- Energy use intensity -- Temperate climate; ANN Artificial Neural Networks -- BPIE Building Performance Institute Europe -- BMS Building Management System -- CAV Constant Air Volume -- CDD Cooling Degree Days -- CBECS Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey -- CIBSE Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers -- CO2 Carbon Dioxide -- COP Coefficient of performance -- CV(RMSE) Coefficient of Variation of the Root Mean Square Error -- DHW Domestic Hot Water -- EPBD European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive -- EPC Energy Performance Certificates -- EU European Union -- EUI Energy Use Intensity -- GDPR General Data Protection Regulation -- HDD Heating Degree Days -- HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning -- IAQ Indoor Air Quality -- IEQ Indoor Environmental Quality -- MBE Mean Bias Error -- MVHR Mechanical ventilation with heat recovery -- nZEB nearly Zero-energy Building -- nZE nearly Zero-energy -- nZES nearly Zero-energy Schools -- OCCuPANt On the Impacts Of Climate Change on the indoor environmental and energy PerformAnce of buildiNgs in Belgium during summer -- PC Personal Computer -- PHS Passive House Standard -- PHPP Passive House Planning Package -- PMP Platform Masion Passive (Belgium) -- Pixii Onafhankelijk Kennisplatform Energieneutraal Bouwen (Belgium) -- QZEN Quasi Zero Energie -- SHGC Solar Heat Gain Coefficient -- TABULA Building Database Typology in the European Union -- TMY Typical Meteorological Year -- UK United Kingdom -- USA United States of America -- VAF Variable Air Flow -- WWI First World War -- WWR Window to Wall Ratio -- ZEBRA 2020 nearly Zero-Energy Building Strategy 2020; Power (Mechanics) -- Periodicals; Energy conservation -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118128
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-2619

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Development of a benchmark model for renovated nearly zero energy terraced buildings. The average energy use intensity per household was 29 kWh/m 2 /year. Models validated with four-year monitoring data on energy consumption. Middle old families dominate households, and their occupancy profiles are presented. Findings on energy needs and use intensity are useful in temperate and continental climates. Abstract: Brussels is one of the European cities with the most significant number of Passive House buildings on the continent. In the Brussels-Capital Region, the nearly zero-energy building obligations implemented is implemented since 2010. The Brussels-Capital Region has set up ambitious energy standards for new constructions. These standards target 'nearly zero' or 'very low energy consumption and are inspired by the 'passive house standard, ' where high-energy performance is first achieved. Ten years after boasting this groundbreaking policy, many renovated, terraced houses are renovated to comply with the nearly zero-energy building requirements. Therefore, this study aims to develop an energy performance data set and one building performance simulation benchmark model for nearly zero-energy dwellings in Brussels. The study reports an inventory and field survey conducted on a terraced house renovated after the year 2010. An analysis of energy consumption (electricity and natural gas) and a walkthrough survey were conducted. A building performance simulation model is created in EnergyPlus to benchmark the average energy consumption and building characteristics. The estimate's validity has been further checked against the public statistics and verified through model calibration and utility bill comparison. The benchmark has an average energy use intensity of 29 kWh/m 2 /year and represents terraced single-family houses after renovation. The paper provides a timely opportunity to evaluate the actual performance of nearly zero-energy terraced houses. The findings on energy needs and use intensity are useful in temperate and continental climates.