Translating extracellular microRNA into clinical biomarkers for drug-induced toxicity: from high-throughput profiling to validation. (November 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Wenjun; Shi, Qiang; Mattes, Williams B; Mendrick, Donna L; Yang, Xi
• Is Part Of: Biomarkers in medicine. Volume 9:Number 11(2015)
• Page Start: 1177
• Page End: 1188
• Publication Date: 2015-11
• Subjects: biomarkers -- cardiotoxicity -- extracellular -- hepatotoxicity -- microRNA -- nephrotoxicity; Biochemical markers -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.2217/bmm.15.86
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1752-0363

Abstract

Over the past 5 years, extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) are being vigorously explored as injury biomarkers, including drug-induced cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Currently, the development of miRNAs as clinical biomarkers has been hindered by the lack of standardization. Therefore, extracellular miRNA-based biomarkers have not been embraced as diagnostic tools. Each platform has its strengths and weaknesses when working with low-input-amount RNA samples from body fluids; the selection of a miRNA quantification approach should be based on the study design. The following review provides a summary of the extracellular miRNA release and stability in body fluids, performances of different miRNA quantification platforms, existing clinical gold standards for drug-induced tissue damage and translation of the miRNA biomarkers from the nonclinical to clinical setting.