Leclercia adecarboxylata invasive infection in a patient with Hirschsprung disease: A case report. (November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Aarab, Adnane; Saddari, Abderrazak; Noussaiba, Benhamza; Ayyad, Anass; Messaoudi, Sahar; Amrani, Rim; Benaissa, Elmostapha; Ben Lahlou, Yassine; Maleb, Adil; Elouennass, Mostafa
• Is Part Of: Annals of medicine and surgery. Volume 71(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-11
• Subjects: Leclercia adecarboxylata -- Invasive infection -- Newborn; Surgery -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; General Surgery -- Periodicals; Education, Medical -- Periodicals; Periodicals; 617
• DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102927
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2049-0801

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Leclercia adecarboxylata is a ubiquitous aerobic, motile, gram-negative bacilli. The human gastro-intestinal tract is known to harbor this rarely opportunistic microorganism. We describe a rare case of invasive infection with a gastrointestinal starting point due to L. adecarboxylata in a patient with Hirschsprung disease. Case report: It is about a newborn female who was admitted on the 3rd day of life to the neonatal intensive care unit for intestinal obstruction. On the 9th day of life, while managing the neonatal obstruction, the patient developed febrile peaks. Cytobacteriological examination of cerebrospinal fluid, blood cultures and culture of umbilical vein catheter allowed the exclusive isolation of Leclercia adecarboxylata . It was producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase and was treated with intravenous imipenem . After favourable evolution, the patient was transferred to the pediatric surgery department. There, she was diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease. Discussion: Knowledge of the route of transmission of L. adecarboxylata is limited and the possible source of the infection is unclear. However, the authors describe three hypotheses of contamination of our propositus. In our patient, one or more of these routes of contamination would be possible. Indeed, bacteremia could occur as a result of a bacterial translocation across the mucosal barrier of the colon altered by Hirschsprung disease, antibiotic use and feeding practices. Conclusion: Infection with L. adecarboxylata revealed a wide range of infection. It has only recently been acknowledged as an emerging pathogen. Further studies of the pathogenesis and risk factors are required. Highlights: Leclercia adecarboxylata is Gram-negative bacillus as a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Infection with this rarely pathogenic microorganism has been limited to a small number of case reports. Of these, only few reports implicate the gastrointestinal tract as the focus of infection. Bacteremia could occur as a result of a bacterial translocation across the mucosal barrier of the colon altered by Hirschsprung disease, antibiotic use and feeding practices. As the number of L. adecarboxylata infections continues to expand so does our insight into its pathogenicity and role in human clinical infections. Further studies of the pathogenesis and risk factors are required.