Experimental study of sprays with isooctane, hexane, ethanol and their binary mixtures under different flash boiling intensities. (November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yan, Junhao; Gao, Suya; Zhao, Weihua; Lee, Timothy H.; Lee, Chia-Fon
• Is Part Of: International journal of heat and mass transfer. Volume 179(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-11
• Subjects: Flash boiling spray -- Multi-component fuel -- Ethanol -- Droplet size -- Spray collapse -- Gasoline engines; Heat -- Transmission -- Periodicals; Mass transfer -- Periodicals; Chaleur -- Transmission -- Périodiques; Transfert de masse -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 621.4022
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.121715
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0017-9310

Abstract

Highlight: Macroscopic characteristics of multi-component sprays were investigated with DBI. Droplet sizes under different flash boiling intensities were measured by PDA. Spray collapsed when ambient-to-saturation pressure dropped below 0.3 for all fuels. Latent heat of vaporization significantly affected droplet size and spray morphology. Aerodynamic breakup was only significant when flash boiling intensity was low. Abstract: This work investigated the behaviors of single-component and multi-component sprays under different flash boiling intensities. Isooctane, hexane, ethanol, isooctane-hexane, and isooctane-ethanol mixtures were used as test fuels. The pressure ratio of the ambient pressure over saturation pressure ( R p ) was used as the indicator of the superheated degree. Macroscopic characteristics of the sprays under 10 different R p (1.1 to 0.14) were investigated using Diffused Backlight Imaging (DBI). Droplet size, which revealed the spray microscopic characteristics, was also investigated using Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA). The results showed that ambient pressure reduction led to higher flash boiling intensity, significant spray morphology changes, and smaller droplet size, regardless of the fuel type and blend ratios. Spray collapse was observed for all sprays once R p dropped below 0.3. Spray collapse dramatically increased the liquid penetration length, expanded the near-field spray angle, and reduced the far-field angle for sprays with all the fuels. Fuel properties, such as the latent heat of vaporization, had significant impacts on droplet size distributions, thus altering the liquid penetration length and spray angles. Under similar R p, sprays with high ethanol content generally had larger droplet sizes compared with other fuel sprays due to the high latent heat of vaporization. The larger droplets caused the high ethanol content sprays to be more resistant to the plume trajectory change, resulting in a smaller far-field spray angle variations with changing R p . At R p of 0.28, sprays with the similar latent heat of vaporization have similar droplet sizes, and droplet sizes at different radial locations were also similar to each other.